Recommended Measures for the Assessment of Behavioral Disturbances Associated With Dementia

Jeon, Yun‐Hee; Sansoni, Janet; Low, Lee‐Fay; Chenoweth, Lynn; Zapart, Siggi; Sansoni, Emily; Marosszeky, Nick

doi:10.1097/jgp.0b013e3181ef7a0d

Cited by 53 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 70 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…How often the behavior occurs may affect the caregiver’s response to the behavior, especially over time. The use of valid and consistent measures of BPSDs will improve future research on BPSDs in general (Jeon et al ., 2011), and specifically improve our knowledge as to which symptoms have greatest influence on caregiver burden and depression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The problem with “problem behaviors”: a systematic review of the association between individual patient behavioral and psychological symptoms and caregiver depression and burden within the dementia patient–caregiver dyad

Ornstein

Gaugler

2012

Int. Psychogeriatr.

247

220

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSDs) are routinely cited as important predictors of caregiver burden and depression. Although BPSDs include a wide variety of patient behaviors, they are routinely grouped together as one construct to differentiate them from cognitive symptoms of dementia. Determining the specific BPSDs that result in increased depression and burden for caregivers may elucidate the stress process for caregivers and facilitate the development of effective interventions for caregivers. Methods We conducted a systematic review of English-language articles published from 1990 to 2010 to determine whether there are known symptoms or symptom clusters which exert undue negative impact on caregiver depression and burden. Additionally, we review systems used for classifying BSPD symptom clusters and determine whether there have been any mechanisms studied by which individual BPSD symptoms negatively affect caregivers. Finally, we examine how the role of timing of symptoms has been examined within the literature. Results Thirty-five original research articles examined the impact of an individual behavior symptom on caregiver burden or depression/depressive symptoms. The studies had no consistent system for categorizing symptoms. Although depression, aggression, and sleep disturbances were the most frequently identified patient symptoms to impact negatively on caregivers, a wide range of symptoms was associated with caregiver burden and depression. Conclusions The evidence is not conclusive as to whether some symptoms are more important than others. The studies reviewed were largely exploratory relative to the differential impact of individual BPSDs and did not focus on testing causal mechanisms by which specific symptoms exert more impact on caregiver mental health than others. Future research may benefit from the re-conceptualization of BPSDs from the perspective of their impact on the caregiver to examine hypothesis-driven differences among BPSD symptom clusters.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The problem with “problem behaviors”: a systematic review of the association between individual patient behavioral and psychological symptoms and caregiver depression and burden within the dementia patient–caregiver dyad

Ornstein

Gaugler

2012

Int. Psychogeriatr.

247

220

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Their neuropsychological functions were tested by the German Version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry on Alzheimer Disease-Neuropsychological Assessment Battery (Table). 19 Patient inclusion criteria were unexplained progressive memory deficits, as described by the International Classification of Diseases (http://www.who.int/ classifications/icd/en/GRNBOOK.pdf) for dementia. Patients were classified as having probable AD if they presented with an amnestic syndrome, including impairment in learning and recalling recently learned information, and additional evidence of cognitive dysfunction in at least 1 other cognitive domain.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer Disease Using Model-Based MR and Magnetization Transfer Imaging

Wiest

Burren

Hauf

et al. 2012

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Early stratification of degenerative processes is a prerequisite to warrant therapeutic options in prodromal Alzheimer disease. Our aim was to investigate differences in cerebral macromolecular tissue composition between patients with AD, mild cognitive impairment, and age-and sex-matched healthy controls by using model-based magnetization transfer with a binary spin-bath magnetization transfer model and magnetization transfer ratio at 1.5T.

show abstract

“…Measures were identified for eight specific behavioral domains: agitation representing the most number of measures of the specific type ( n = 7, 24.1%; Cohen-Mansfield et al ., 1989; Mungas et al ., 1989; Finkel et al ., 1993; Rosen et al ., 1994; Yudofsky et al ., 1997; Hurley et al ., 1999; Logsdon et al ., 1999), followed by apathy ( n = 5, 17.2%; Burns et al ., 1990; Marin et al ., 1991; Robert et al ., 2002; Strauss and Sperry, 2002; Sockeel et al ., 2006), aggression ( n = 4, 13.8%; Yudofsky et al ., 1986; Ryden, 1988; Patel and Hope, 1992; Perlman and Hirdes, 2008), anxiety ( n = 4, 13.8%; Beck et al ., 1988; LaBarge, 1993; Shankar et al ., 1999; Pachana et al ., 2007), depression ( n = 4, 13.8%; Yesavage et al ., 1983; Alexopoulos et al ., 1988; Sunderland et al ., 1988; Kroenke et al ., 2001), sleep ( n = 3, 10.3%; Buysse et al ., 1989; Johns, 1991; Tractenberg et al ., 2003), depression and anxiety ( n = 1, 3.4%; Zigmond and Snaith, 1983), and wandering ( n = 1, 3.4%; Algase et al ., 2001; Table 2). No measures were identified that specifically targeted euphoria, delusions, hallucinations, irritability apart from aggression or anxiety, or motor and verbal disturbances.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing neuropsychiatric symptoms in people with dementia: a systematic review of measures

Gitlin

Marx

Stanley

et al. 2014

Int. Psychogeriatr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) occur in people with dementia throughout disease course and across etiologies. NPS are associated with significant morbidities and hastened disease processes. Nevertheless, people with dementia are not systematically assessed for NPS in clinical settings. We review existing NPS measures for clinical and/or research purposes, and identify measurement gaps. Methods We conducted a computerized search of peer-reviewed published studies of measures (January 1, 1980–December 1, 2013) using multiple search terms. Measures selected for review were in English, had adequate psychometric properties, and were developed for or used with people with dementia. Papers describing measures were evaluated by three coders along seven characteristics: behavioral domains, number of items, method of administration, response categories, targeted population, setting, and psychometric properties. Results Overall, 2,233 papers were identified through search terms, and 36 papers from manual searches of references. From 2,269 papers, 85 measures were identified of which 45 (52.9%) had adequate psychometric properties and were developed or used with dementia populations. Of these, 16 (35.6%) were general measures that included a wide range of behaviors; 29 (64.4%) targeted specific behaviors (e.g. agitation). Measures differed widely as to behaviors assessed and measurement properties. Conclusions A robust set of diverse measures exists for assessing NPS in different settings. No measures identify risk factors for behaviors or enable an evaluation of the context in which behaviors occur. To improve clinical efforts, research is needed to evaluate concordance of behavioral ratings between formal and informal caregivers, and to develop and test measures that can identify known risks for behaviors and the circumstances under which behaviors occur.

show abstract

Recommended Measures for the Assessment of Behavioral Disturbances Associated With Dementia

Cited by 53 publications

References 70 publications

The problem with “problem behaviors”: a systematic review of the association between individual patient behavioral and psychological symptoms and caregiver depression and burden within the dementia patient–caregiver dyad

The problem with “problem behaviors”: a systematic review of the association between individual patient behavioral and psychological symptoms and caregiver depression and burden within the dementia patient–caregiver dyad

Classification of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer Disease Using Model-Based MR and Magnetization Transfer Imaging

Assessing neuropsychiatric symptoms in people with dementia: a systematic review of measures

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About