Recommendations for Training and Certification for Pharmacists Practicing, Mentoring, and Educating in Infectious Diseases Pharmacotherapy

Abstract

Recently created guidelines for the development of institutional antimicrobial stewardship programs recommend that a pharmacist with infectious diseases training be included as a core member of the antimicrobial stewardship team. However, training and certification requirements for infectious diseasestrained clinical pharmacists have not been established. Although pharmacists have nurtured their interest in infectious diseases by self-directed learning or on-the-job experiences, this mode of training is not considered feasible or sufficient for reliable training of future clinical specialists in infectious diseases. This document, therefore, is forward looking and provides overarching recommendations for future training and certification of pharmacists practicing, mentoring, and educating in infectious diseases pharmacotherapy, with the recognition that full implementation may take several years. We recommend that future pharmacists wishing to obtain a clinical position as an infectious diseases-trained pharmacist should complete a postgraduate year (PGY) 1 residency and a PGY2 residency in infectious diseases, that practitioners become board-certified pharmacotherapy specialists, that a certification examination in infectious diseases be developed, that practitioners maintain a portfolio of educational experiences to maintain qualifications, that current nonaccredited training programs seek accreditation, and that employers and academicians recognize the desirability of these qualifications in hiring decisions.

Time-series analysis of the relationship of antimicrobial use and hand hygiene promotion with the incidence of healthcare-associated infections

“…Time-series analysis in conjunction with a broadly applied a stewardship program. 12,16 appears to be a powerful clinical tool for the analysis and prediction of infectious diseases and has potential to help reduce the incidence of HAIs and HA-MRSA infections.…”

“…Antimicrobial use and infection control measures have important roles in the prevention of HAIs, 14 but the need for a policy of active surveillance is controversial. 15,16 Much of the research on the effectiveness of hand-hygiene and antimicrobial stewardship has focused on the Gram-positive bacteria. 15,17 Previous studies have reported that most HAIs are transmitted via transient contamination of HCWs hands.…”

Dawacom Human Resource Management Reality and Ambition

“…The firms which understand and are aware of the staff behavior and the importance of skills and knowledge implement activities to enhance the skills of their employees (Ernst, et al, 2012). According to (Cekada, 2010) a training requirements assessment is used to determine whether training program is the appropriate solution to a workplace problem.…”

Antibiyotik Yönetimi Ekibi ve Eczacının Rolü

“…Amerika Hastane Eczacıları Birliği ve İnfek-siyon Hastalıkları Eczacıları Derneği; infeksiyon hastalıkları lisansüstü eğitimi kapsamında, eczacıların aşağıdaki konulara yönelik bilgi sahibi olmalarını önermektedir [31] .…”

“…Dolayısıyla, eğitim içeriğinin antibakteriyel, antifungal, antiretroviral, antiviral, antiparaziter ve immünmodülatör ajanları kullanan hastaların bakımını içermesi de gerekmektedir [31] .…”