E 1 9 9What ' s known on the subject? and What does the study add? High grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) is a risk factor for prostate cancer (PCa), but only multifocality is an indication for early rebiopsy. Other risk factors for PCa development from HGPIN remain unknown. PCa is related to testosterone. Testosterone has been proven to be linked to PCa detection and poor prognosis PCa.This study shows that low free and bioavailable testosterone levels are associated with an increased risk of PCa in a rebiopsy after HGPIN diagnosis. Men with low testosterone levels and HGPIN could therefore be considered a high-risk cohort for developing PCa.
OBJECTIVE• To determine the relevance of the hormonal profi le of patients with high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) and its relationship to prostate cancer (PCa) in rebiopsy. • A comparative study between those patients with a positive rebiopsy and those with a negative rebiopsy was performed.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
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RESULTS• We found that free testosterone ( P = 0.04), bioavailable testosterone ( P = 0.04) and SHBG ( P = 0.02) were signifi cantly associated with a positive rebiopsy.• Other variables such as age ( P = 0.745), PSA level ( P = 0.630), prostate volume ( P = 0.690), PSA density ( P = 0.950), testosterone ( P = 0.981) and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia multifocality ( P = 0.777) were not associated with the presence of adenocarcinoma in the rebiopsy.
CONCLUSIONS• Patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate after a diagnosis of HGPIN have higher SHBG levels and lower calculated free testosterone levels than patients with a negative rebiopsy.• Testosterone levels might be a useful indication for rebiopsy after HGPIN diagnosis.
KEYWORDS rebiopsy , prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia , testosteroneStudy Type -Prognosis (case series) Level of Evidence 4