Recommendations for standards of monitoring during anaesthesia and recovery 2021

Abstract

Summary This guideline updates and replaces the 5th edition of the Standards of Monitoring published in 2015. The aim of this document is to provide guidance on the minimum standards for monitoring of any patient undergoing anaesthesia or sedation under the care of an anaesthetist. The recommendations are primarily aimed at anaesthetists practising in the UK and Ireland, but it is recognised that these guidelines may also be of use in other areas of the world. Minimum standards for monitoring patients during anaesthesia and in the recovery phase are included. There is also guidance on monitoring patients undergoing sedation and during transfer. There are new sections specifically discussing capnography, sedation and regional anaesthesia. In addition, the indications for processed electroencephalogram and neuromuscular monitoring have been updated.

Mechanical ventilators for low- and middle-income countries: informing a context-specific and sustainable design

“…∗For electricity international standards, see International Electrotechnical Commission guidelines: https://www.iec.ch/world-plugs ; † 98% (135/137) LMICs have either 220 or 230 V, AC, and 84% (115/137) LMICs have a frequency of 50 Hz; ‡ listed in order from highest perceived importance from our survey (see Supplementary Fig. S6 for details); ¶ apart from suction, all these monitoring priorities match the recent recommended standards of monitoring during anaesthesia and recovery; 5 § calibration and testing systems need to consider environmental conversion factors (e. g. high altitude); || tolerance error <10%; # 30 ml for ventilation in neonates. AC, alternating current; CE, Conformité Européenne; DC, direct current; FDA, US Food and Drug Administration; LMICs, low- and middle-income countries; PEEP, positive end-expiratory pressure.…”

Measurement of Blood Pressure by Ultrasound—The Applicability of Devices, Algorithms and a View in Local Hemodynamics

“…BP monitoring during anesthesia is essentially based on NIBP [ 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ]. An intra-arterial pressure measurement is necessary in critically ill patients.…”

Year 2021 in review - Paediatric anaesthesia and intensive care

“…Ve snaze zvýšit bezpečnost perioperační péče byla v roce 2021 publikována Doporučení pro standardy monitorace během anestezie a zotavení z anestezie (Doporučení Asociace anesteziologů Velké Británie a Severního Irska) [2]. Pro zvýšení bezpečnosti je nutný trénink a zabezpečení kvalifikované supervize ("dozor a dohled").…”