Recommendations for stabilisation of Norway spruce stands based on ecological surveys

Nielsen, Charlene C.

doi:10.1017/cbo9780511600425.024

Cited by 22 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…Lohmander and Helles, 1987;Ni Dhubhain et al, 2001). One mechanism for this is that the web of living roots that anchor the trees is broken (Nielsen, 1995). Another is that trees that have grown in a dense stand favour more height growth than diameter growth and a period of acclimation is needed to grow to a more stable shape (Burton and Smith, 1972;Farrar, 1961).…”

Section: Root Stability Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementing storm damage in a dynamic vegetation model for regional applications in Sweden

Lagergren

Jönsson

Blennow

et al. 2012

Ecological Modelling

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Wind is the dominant agent of damage in forests in Western Europe. Traditional winddamage models calculate a probability for damage or a critical wind speed at which damage occurs. However, in a dynamic vegetation model actual damage to stands and individual trees is needed to get a dynamical progression of the vegetation. We present a prototype for a new approach to modelling forest wind damage at the regional scale, which we incorporate within a dynamic vegetation model. The approach is based on knowledge from both empirical and mechanical models and calculates the damaged fraction of a cohort based on wind load and a sensitivity that depends on the current physical state and history of the cohort in relation to the ecosystem. The modelling concept has been developed, calibrated and evaluated for Swedish conditions but can be applicable to other similar areas with minor modification. Because of the stochastic nature of local wind load and the difficulty of describing the stand-level exposure, the ability to explain observed damage at stand level was low. Regional level variation in damage, which more depends on the wind load, was however explained reasonably well (R 2 = 0.43). We suggest that this is a useful concept for evaluating alternatives of forest management under different climate scenarios in the process of adaptation to future storm-damage risks. KeywordsDynamic vegetation model LPJ-GUESS; storm damage; windthrow; boreal forest; forestry

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Section: Root Stability Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementing storm damage in a dynamic vegetation model for regional applications in Sweden

Lagergren

Jönsson

Blennow

et al. 2012

Ecological Modelling

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“…hondoensis. Wind damage to trees depends on tree species (Gardiner and Quine 1994), root anchorage (Nielsen 1995), tree age (Lekes and Dandul 2000;Kuboyama et al 2003), ratio of tree height to trunk diameter (h/d ratio) (Cremer et al 1982), and presence of wood rot inside the tree trunk (Lewis and Lindgren 1999;Chiba 2000).…”

Section: Occurrence Of Wind Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of bark stripping by sika deer, Cervus nippon, on wind damage to coniferous trees in subalpine forest of central Japan

Shibata

Torazawa

2008

Journal of Forest Research

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We evaluated the effect of bark stripping by sika deer (Cervus nippon), and subsequent wood decay, on tree fall in a coniferous forest on Mt Ohdaigahara in central Japan from July to September 2006. This valuable primeval coniferous forest is declining because of bark stripping. Broken trunks of Abies homolepis and Picea jezoensis var. hondoensis had more serious decay and larger bark-stripping wounds on the trunk than standing trees, suggesting that bark stripping causes trunk decay and results in broken trunks and uprooting by typhoons.

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“…Tree stability against wind is strongly related to individual tree and stand characteristics, which interact with impact factors including climate, topography, soil type, soil water content, and silvicultural treatment (Nielsen 1995;Ruel 2000). Trees and stands are characterized by tree species (e.g., Gardiner and Quine 1994), root anchorage (e.g., Nielsen 1995) in relation to soil condition (e.g., Stathers et al 1994), tree age (e.g., Lekes and Dandul 2000;Kuboyama et al 2003), and the ratio of tree height to stem diameter (h/d ratio; e.g., Cremer et al 1982;Wilson and Baker 2001).…”

Section: Factors Of Wind Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Trees and stands are characterized by tree species (e.g., Gardiner and Quine 1994), root anchorage (e.g., Nielsen 1995) in relation to soil condition (e.g., Stathers et al 1994), tree age (e.g., Lekes and Dandul 2000;Kuboyama et al 2003), and the ratio of tree height to stem diameter (h/d ratio; e.g., Cremer et al 1982;Wilson and Baker 2001). These characteristics reflect a tree's vulnerability to wind.…”

Section: Factors Of Wind Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of strategies for wind damage assessment in Japanese forests

Kamimura

Shiraishi

2007

Journal of Forest Research

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Forest management for minimizing wind damage risk requires predicting future wind damage as accurately as possible. However, previous studies carried out in Japan mostly focused on field observation and not on an extensive estimate of damage in various regions. This paper, therefore, aims to understand better approaches to the assessment of wind damage in Japan. First, basic descriptions of wind damage were reviewed including the process and types of tree and stand failures. Several factors relating to wind damage were also described including biological factors and stand characteristics. Second, the current methods of wind damage risk assessment were classified such as (1) observational/empirical, (2) statistical, and (3) mechanistic methods. Of the current methods, the mechanistic methods were acceptable in terms of their prediction of wind damage using the mechanistic behaviour of tree and stand as a result of wind pressure. Third, this paper reviewed previous case studies in Japan and showed that most studies of wind damage focused on particular typhoon events. Their conclusions might be difficult to apply to other settings for the estimation of future wind damage risk with the changes of stand condition (thinning, gap creation, etc.). Therefore, the mechanistic methods would be one of the most powerful approaches to estimate the possibility of future wind damage risk with changes of stand conditions. Further studies are required to develop the methods of wind damage risk assessment in Japan including the mechanical behaviour of tree and stand as a result of wind (typhoon) phenomena.

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Recommendations for stabilisation of Norway spruce stands based on ecological surveys

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Implementing storm damage in a dynamic vegetation model for regional applications in Sweden

Implementing storm damage in a dynamic vegetation model for regional applications in Sweden

Effects of bark stripping by sika deer, Cervus nippon, on wind damage to coniferous trees in subalpine forest of central Japan

A review of strategies for wind damage assessment in Japanese forests

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