Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 Stimulates the Osteogenic Potential of the Schneiderian Membrane: A Histometric Analysis in Rabbits

Abstract

This study evaluated the osteoinductive effect of the recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2)-coated biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) carrier system on the grafted sinus area, including surrounding tissues and the Schneiderian membrane. A total of 18 male rabbits were used in this study; two for in vitro and 16 for in vivo experiments. Schneiderian membranes taken from two animals were cultured with or without rhBMP-2, and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis was performed. Both maxillary sinuses in each of the 16 animals were used to compare the in vivo effects of rhBMP-2-coated BCP (experimental group) and BCP alone (control group). In each animal, rhBMP-2-coated BCP was grafted into one of the maxillary sinuses, and the same amount of BCP alone was grafted into the contralateral site in random order. Radiologic and histometric analyses were performed at 2 and 8 weeks after surgery. After 2 days of culturing with or without rhBMP-2, a significant increase in the expression of early osteoblasts (RUNX2, type I collagen, alkaline phosphatase, and osteopontin) could be observed. Different histologic healing patterns were observed in experimental and control sites: newly formed bone lining the reflected sinus membrane without bone formation was observed at the central areas of experimental sites (window=0.06%; center=0%; membrane=20.86% of new bone), whereas evenly distributed new bone formation was observed at the control sites (window=7.27%; center=7.41%; membrane=15.58% of new bone).The augmented volume was well maintained at both the experimental and control sites during the experimental period, but at 2 weeks, the augmented volume was greater at the experimental sites than at the control sites (232.62 and 195.29 mm(3), respectively; p<0.001). These results suggest that good space maintenance in sinus augmentation is achieved with BCP, while the osteoinductive potential of the sinus membrane is activated at the early stage of healing with rhBMP-2.

Sinus augmentation using rhBMP-2-loaded synthetic bone substitute with simultaneous implant placement in rabbits

“…When an implant is placed, new bone formation appears to start from the original cortical bone of the sinus wall and to progress towards the center in the apical direction [9]. Newly formed cortical bone could play a similar role to the original cortical bone.…”

“…Additionally, the development of bone substitute to promote bone regeneration and osseointegration has made the procedure more predictable, and has extended the applicability of the 1-stage approach [8]. Furthermore, many attempts have been made to use growth factors (e.g., bone morphogenetic protein), which are known to induce rapid bone formation in the maxillary sinus [9].…”

Lumbar interbody fusion with porous biphasic calcium phosphate enhanced by recombinant bone morphogenetic protein-2/silk fibroin sustained-released microsphere: an experimental study on sheep model

“…Bioactivity of BCP could be enhanced by rhBMP-2. Choi et al compared the bone formation effect of rhBMP-2-coated BCP with pure BCP on a grafted sinus area in rabbits [29]. A significant increase in the expression of RUNX2, type I collagen, alkaline phosphatase and osteopontin was observed in both groups.…”

Early bone healing onto implant surface treated by fibronectin/oxysterol for cell adhesion/osteogenic differentiation:in vivoexperimental study in dogs

“…In previous studies, oxysterol induced in vivo osteogenesis like bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), or synergistically increased the osteoinductive effects of BMP-2 [30,37,38]. Since complications of BMP-2 application have emerged in research and clinical fields [39,40], oxysterol has received attention as a substitute or regulating factor for BMP-2. Our previous study also showed an increase in alkaline phosphatase with oxysterol surface coating, and simultaneous apatite and oxysterol coating could synergistically enhance in vitro osteogenesis [27].…”