Recognizing misclassification bias in research and medical practice

Pham, Anh Nguyet; Cummings, Michael; Lindeman, Cliff; Drummond, Neil; Williamson, Tyler

doi:10.1093/fampra/cmy130

Cited by 28 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Hence, potential misclassification bias could have impacted our results by incorrectly identifying abnormalities in brain perfusion. However, both sensitivity and specificity exceed 70% (84.2% 95% CI 60.4–96.6 and 77.3% 95% CI 62.2–88.5, respectively, for S100B, Table ) suggesting the impact of this bias on our study is minimal, as discussed in Pham et al 62 …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 46%

S100B in maternal circulation of pregnancies complicated by FGR and brain sparing

et al. 2021

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Objective To determine whether the presence of brain sparing in fetal growth restricted (FGR) fetuses involves elevation of the cerebral injury biomarker S100B in maternal circulation. Methods We included 63 women with suspected small for gestational age (SGA) fetuses between 24 and 35 +6/7 weeks of gestation. Maternal plasma angiogenic factors measurements and sonographic evaluation were performed at recruitment. Next, we subdivided our SGA cohort into three groups: SGA fetuses, FGR fetuses without brain‐sparing, and FGR fetuses with brain‐sparing (FGR‐BS). Serum S100B concentration was calculated as S100B µg/L, S100B MoM, and the ratio S100B/ estimated fetal weight (EFW). We also report one case of S100B concentration surge in maternal serum following the diagnosis of fetal intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). Results The FGR‐BS group had higher maternal S100B µg/L (p < 0.01, p < 0.05, respectively), S100B MoM (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively), and S100B/EFW (p < 0.001, p < 0.01, respectively), compared to the SGA and FGR groups. In the case report, maternal serum S100B concentrations were 0.0346 µg/L before, and 0.0874 µg/L after IVH occurrence. Conclusions S100B concentration in maternal serum increased in pregnancies complicated by FGR and brain sparing. These results may substantiate in‐utero cerebral injury and may explain the adverse neurocognitive outcomes reported for this group.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 46%

S100B in maternal circulation of pregnancies complicated by FGR and brain sparing

et al. 2021

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“…We ascertained the possible occurrence of selection bias [ 19 ], checking if compared groups (BD with vs. BD without ADHD) were similar in terms of main characteristics, i.e., age and gender, considering acceptable a difference of maximum 3 years in mean age and 5% in male gender proportion, respectively. In addition, we carried out an assessment of potential sources of information and misclassification bias [ 20 , 21 ]. First, we checked whether studies used adequate instruments to assess ADHD, such as the Diagnostic Interview for ADHD in Adults (DIVA) [ 22 ] or the Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS) [ 23 ] as well as other appropriate diagnostic interviews [ 24 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling the Association between ADHD and Alcohol Use Disorder in Individuals Suffering from Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2021

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Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may influence rates of Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) among individuals suffering from Bipolar Disorder (BD). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the strength and consistency of the potential association between ADHD and AUD in BD. We searched main electronic databases for studies indexed up to November 2020. We included observational studies investigating the association between ADHD and AUD among individuals with BD. The association between ADHD and AUD was estimated using odds ratios (ORs) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs). Eleven studies, involving 2734 individuals with BD (516 with ADHD), were included in the meta-analysis. Individuals with both BD and ADHD had higher rates of AUD as compared with subjects with BD only (34.0% vs. 18.3%). The estimated OR of AUD for ADHD was 2.50 (95% CI: 1.91 to 3.27; I2 = 13.0%). Study-level characteristics did not influence the effect size. No risk of publication bias was estimated. Despite some limitations, this meta-analysis estimated an association between ADHD and AUD among individuals suffering from BD. At least a portion of the high rates of AUD in BD may, thereby, be related to comorbid ADHD. Longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the nature of this relationship.

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“…Finally, there is always a risk of misclassification bias with retrospective data and automated data collection. 18 To mitigate this, we assessed the validity of our data abstraction tool, which is presented in ►Supplemental File S1 (available in the online version only). Most variables had >94% agreement between the data abstraction tool and manual abstraction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unplanned Extubations in Pediatric Critical Care: A Case–Control Study

Wollny

Williams

Al-Abdwani

et al. 2022

J Pediatr Intensive Care

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The aim of this study was to quantify associations between the risk of unplanned extubation and patient-, environment-, and care-related factors in pediatric critical care and to compare outcomes between children who did and did not experience an unplanned extubation. This is a retrospective case–control analysis including patients <18 years who experienced an unplanned extubation during intensive care unit (ICU) admission (2004–2014). Cases were matched by age, duration of mechanical ventilation, and date to control patients (4:1) who were intubated but did not experience an unplanned extubation. Conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate associations between unplanned extubations and the abstracted characteristics. We identified 1,601 eligible controls matched to 458 case patients. When adjusted for confounders, eight variables were associated with unplanned extubation: three patient-related factors (previous ICU admission, previous intubation, and the volume of secretions); one environment-related factor (patient room setup); and four care-related factors (intubation route, and the use of sedation, muscle relaxation, and restraints). Patients who had an unplanned extubation had longer length of stay, but lower rate of mortality. This is the largest case–control study identifying variables associated with unplanned extubation in pediatric critical care. Several are potentially modifiable and may provide opportunities to improve quality of care in controlled ICU environments.

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Recognizing misclassification bias in research and medical practice

Cited by 28 publications

References 10 publications

S100B in maternal circulation of pregnancies complicated by FGR and brain sparing

S100B in maternal circulation of pregnancies complicated by FGR and brain sparing

Disentangling the Association between ADHD and Alcohol Use Disorder in Individuals Suffering from Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Unplanned Extubations in Pediatric Critical Care: A Case–Control Study

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