Recognizing Famous Faces: Exploring the Benefits of Facial Motion

Lander, Karen; Bruce, Vicki

doi:10.1207/s15326969eco1204_01

Cited by 118 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…We are disinclined to accept this view however as others have shown it is the dynamic quality of motion, rather than the amount of static information, that is crucial for recognition (Lander & Bruce, 2000). For example, Lander, Christie and Bruce (1999) report identity recognition was better with moving sequences relative to a static array even though both stimuli contained the same amount of frames.…”

Section: Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Categorizing identity from facial motion

Girges

Spencer

O’Brien

2015

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

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Advances in marker--less motion capture technology now allow the accurate replication of facial motion and deformation in computer--generated imagery (CGI). A forced--choice discrimination paradigm using such CGI facial animations showed that human observers can categorise identity solely from facial motion cues. Animations were generated from motion captures acquired during natural speech, thus eliciting both rigid (head rotations and translations) and nonrigid (expressional changes) motion. To limit interferences from individual differences in facial form, all animations shared the same appearance. Observers were required to discriminate between different videos of facial motion and between the facial motions of different people. Performance was compared to the control condition of orientation--inverted facial motion. The results show that observers are able to make accurate discriminations of identity in the absence of all cues except facial motion. A clear inversion effect in both tasks provided consistency with previous studies, supporting the configural view of human face perception. The accuracy of this motion capture technology thus allowed stimuli to be generated which closely resembled real moving faces. Future studies may wish to implement such methodology when studying human face perception.

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Section: Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Those who do utilise naturalistic videos often do not control for irrelevant non--motion data or residual spatial cues. For example, Lander and Bruce (2000) displayed video clips of people sometimes shown from the waist upwards. The addition of such information could confound perception.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Categorizing identity from facial motion

Girges

Spencer

O’Brien

2015

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

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“…These faces contain a wealth of social, emotional, identity and linguistic information. Although a great deal of information can be gleaned from static faces, the motion of dynamic faces contains information about identity and emotion not present in static faces (Ambadar, Schooler & Cohn, 2005;Hill & Johnson, 2001;Knappmeyer, Thornton & Bülthoff, 2003;O'Toole, Roark, & Abdi, 2002;Lander & Bruce, 2000). Facial motion also contains linguistic information, as evidenced by the fact that silent speechreading is possible (Bernstein, Demorest & Tucker, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of varying talker identity and listening conditions on gaze behavior during audiovisual speech perception

2008

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During face-to-face conversation the face provides auditory and visual linguistic information, and also conveys information about the identity of the speaker. This study investigated behavioral strategies involved in gathering visual information while watching talking faces. The effects of varying talker identity and varying the intelligibility of speech (by adding acoustic noise) on gaze behavior were measured with an eyetracker. Varying the intelligibility of the speech by adding noise had a noticeable effect on the location and duration of fixations. When noise was present subjects adopted a vantage point that was more centralized on the face by reducing the frequency of the fixations on the eyes and mouth and lengthening the duration of their gaze fixations on the nose and mouth. Varying talker identity resulted in a more modest change in gaze behavior that was modulated by the intelligibility of the speech. Although subjects generally used similar strategies to extract visual information in both talker variability conditions, when noise was absent there were more fixations on the mouth when viewing a different talker every trial as opposed to the same talker every trial. These findings provide a useful baseline for studies examining gaze behavior during audiovisual speech perception and perception of dynamic faces. IntroductionWe see and process faces every day in a wide variety of contexts, from line drawings of faces and static photographs, to dynamic movies and live faces during face-to-face communication. These faces contain a wealth of social, emotional, identity and linguistic information. Although a great deal of information can be gleaned from static faces, the motion of dynamic faces contains information about identity and emotion not present in static faces (Ambadar, Schooler & Cohn, 2005;Hill & Johnson, 2001;Knappmeyer, Thornton & Bülthoff, 2003;O'Toole, Roark, & Abdi, 2002;Lander & Bruce, 2000). Facial motion also contains linguistic information, as evidenced by the fact that silent speechreading is possible (Bernstein, Demorest & Tucker, 2000). Rarely though, is this visual speech information present in the complete absence of auditory speech information and audiovisual speech perception is the natural manner of communication. Visual speech information influences the perception of auditory speech in both perfectly audible conditions (McGurk & MacDonald, 1976, MacDonald & Correspondence: J.N. Buchan, Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Humphrey Hall, 62 Arch Street, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6, Tel: 613-533-6275, E-mail: 2jnb@queensu.ca. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and al...

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“…For example, participants can recognize the faces of well-known politicians and celebrities more accurately from videotaped images than from static images. This finding is especially salient when the faces are presented in sub-optimal viewing formats (e.g., blurred, inverted, or pixilated displays; [60,64,66,67]). Thus it seems that motion becomes more important as a cue to identity when the viewing conditions are sub-optimal.…”

Section: Recognizing Moving Facesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Predicting Human Performance for Face Recognition

2006

Face Processing

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The ability of humans to recognize faces provides an implicit benchmark for gauging the performance of automatic face recognition algorithms. IntroductionHuman face recognition abilities are impressive by comparison to the performance of many current automatic face recognition systems. Such is the belief of many psychologists and computer scientists. This belief, however, is supported more by anecdotal impression than by scientific evidence. In fact, there are relatively few systematic and direct comparisons between the performance of humans and automatic face recognition algorithms, (though see [84], for exceptions). Comparisons of these sorts can be carried out both at a quantitative and qualitative level. On the qualitative side, as the field of automatic face recognition develops, the assessment of working systems has expanded to consider, not only overall levels of performance, but performance under more restricted and targeted conditions. It may thus be important to know, for example, whether an algorithm performs accurately recognizing "male faces of a certain age", "female faces of a certain ethnicity", or faces that are "typical" in the context

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Recognizing Famous Faces: Exploring the Benefits of Facial Motion

Cited by 118 publications

References 16 publications

Categorizing identity from facial motion

Categorizing identity from facial motion

The effect of varying talker identity and listening conditions on gaze behavior during audiovisual speech perception

Predicting Human Performance for Face Recognition

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