Reclaiming the land.

Abstract

Passage of the Newlands Reclamation Act in 1902 heightened expectations in Oregon that federal money would be available to develop irrigation projects in the arid regions of the state. In quick order, the newly established U.S. Reclamation Service carried out a series of surveys and investigations of the Malheur, Willow Creek, and Owyhee areas in eastern Oregon; the Umatilla district in the northeast; and the Klamath Basin in the south-central part of the state. Promoters and dreamers had ambitions for promoting agriculture in Oregon that had little potential for reclamation development. Railroads, land companies, and boosters campaigned to promote dryland agriculture in the High Desert, especially around Fort Rock, Christmas Valley, and Silver Lake. Encouraged by James J. Hill's railroad interests, booster literature, and the Enlarged Homestead Act of 1909, promoters gulled hundreds of people to take up homestead claims in the region between 1910 and 1915, effectively selling the idea that the area was suited to wheat production. Only half of the homesteaders remained long enough to gain fee title to their land. Most moved on to other enterprises, many to the booming sawmill town of Bend.

Stretching the rule of law: how the norwegian resistance movement influenced the provisional treason decrees of the exile government, 1944-1945

“…The Dutch and Belgian governments in exile both remained hesitant to cooperate with fragmented groups of resisters at home about which they had little reliable information. 74 In contrast to the other exiles, the Norwegian government early on established good relations with, and listened to advice from the home resistance. As stated by Norwegian historian Olav Riste, the Nygaardsvold government throughout the war made an effort and sometimes even bent over backwards to accommodate its policies to the views of the resistance leadership.…”

Reflective awareness, repression, and the cognitive unconscious.

“…Psychoanalysis today presents as a diverse array of theoretical approaches, with anywhere between 12 to 20 psychoanalytic schools (Frank, 2000; Novick & Novick, 2002). The therapeutic goals of psychodynamic therapy appear to be similarly numerous.…”

The ego revisited.

“…As an antidote, he advocated his total composite theory of psychoanalysis, total because it includes the contemporary emphasis on elements concerned with interpersonal interaction and external reality and composite because it also maintains an intrapsychic focus and because it embraces all that is significant in metapsychology, including the id, ego, superego, and defense. Novick and Novick (2002) argue that classical metapsychology, with its dynamic, economic, topographic, genetic, and structural perspectives, is rich, complex, and integrative enough to provide a solid ground upon which all psychoanalytic ideas can thrive. Indeed, modern Freudians (Ellman, Grand, Silvan, & Ellman, 1998), also known as modern conflict theorists or structural theorists, present a psychoanalytic perspective that continues to take classical metapsychological notions seriously.…”

“…Novick and Novick (2002) argue that classical metapsychology, with its dynamic, economic, topographic, genetic, and structural perspectives, is rich, complex, and integrative enough to provide a solid ground upon which all psychoanalytic ideas can thrive. Indeed, modern Freudians (Ellman, Grand, Silvan, & Ellman, 1998), also known as modern conflict theorists or structural theorists, present a psychoanalytic perspective that continues to take classical metapsychological notions seriously.…”