Reclaiming of rubber by a renewable resource material (RRM). III. evaluation of properties of NR reclaim

De, Debapriya; Maiti, Sukumar; Adhikari, Basudam

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(20000321)75:12<1493::aid-app8>3.0.co;2-u

Cited by 68 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Such types of gel remain as weak sites for stress transmission resulting lower tensile strength. 12 From Table III it was clear that tear strength of revulcanized rubber were lowered than the original one, but it increased on increasing the concentration of diallyl disulfide, as on increasing disulfide concentration the devulcanization reaction increased and on revulcanization the crosslinking reaction increases. The hardness also increased with increasing the concentration of disulfide, whose results were shown in Table III.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This decrease in scorch time was due to presence of active cross-linking sites in the devulcanized rubber. 12 The compounds with longer scorch time had to accelerate the rate of cure in order to achieve same cure time (because cure time did not change with increase in disulfide concentration). This was why the revulcanized rubber containing higher concentration of disulfide had higher cure rate than the revulcanized rubber having lower amount of disulfide.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recycling natural rubber vulcanizates through mechanochemical devulcanization

Jana

Das

2005

Macromol. Res.

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Sulfur-cured gum natural rubber vulcanizates were devulcanized using two different concentrations of diallyl disulfide. The devulcanization process was performed at 110°C for 10 min in an open two-roll cracker-cummixing mill. Natural rubber vulcanizates having various sulfur/accelerator ratios were used to study the cleavage of monosulfide, disulfide, and polysulfide bonds. The properties of devulcanized natural rubber increased upon increasing the disulfide concentration and the mechanical properties of the revulcanized natural rubber increased upon decreasing the sulfur content in the original rubber vulcanizates. The scorch time and the maximum state of cure both increased when the ground vulcanizates were treated with higher amounts of disulfide. TGA and DMA were conducted to study the effects of the devulcanization on the thermal stability and the T g behavior of the vulcanizates. SEM analysis was conducted to study how the failure mechanism was affected by the devulcanization process. It was possible to recover 70-80% of the original gum rubber properties by using this process. From IR spectroscopic analysis, we observed that the oxidation of the main chains did not occur during high-temperature milling.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling natural rubber vulcanizates through mechanochemical devulcanization

Jana

Das

2005

Macromol. Res.

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“…Similar to scorch time, optimum cure time decreased with increase in GTR/RTR loading and stabilizes at higher loading [63,70,[72][73][74][75][76]. The reasons are similar to reasons for decrease in scorch time.…”

Section: Cure Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Many researchers observed reduction in scorch time with addition of GTR or RTR [42, 62-64, 66, 68-75]. This phenomenon is linked to presence of crosslink precursors and unreacted curatives in GTR/RTR or presence of active crosslinking sites in GTR/RTR which accelerate the crosslinking reaction upon heating [42,62,64,66,70,71]. Migration of crosslink precursors such as accelerator from GTR/RTR to the virgin rubber matrix leads to decrease in scorch time [42,69].…”

Section: Cure Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Waste tire rubber in polymer blends: A review on the evolution, properties and future

Ramarad

Khalid

Ratnam

et al. 2015

Progress in Materials Science

399

253

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Please cite this article as: Ramarad, S., Khalid, M., Ratnam, C.T., Luqman Chuah, A., Rashmi, W., Waste tire rubber in polymer blends: A review on the evolution, properties and future, Progress in Materials Science (2015), doi: http://dx. AbstractThis review addresses the progress in waste tire recycling with a particular attention to incorporation of waste tire rubber (WTR) into polymeric matrices. Methods of waste tire downsizing, importance of WTR characterization and current practice of WTR modification has been emphasized. Detailed discussion on influence of WTR size, loading, modification, compatibilization and crosslinking on the rheological, mechanical and thermal properties of rubber, thermoplastic and thermoplastic elastomer blends utilizing WTR has been reported.By far, thermoplastic elastomer blends; though still in its infancy; has shown the most promising properties balance which is capable of commercialization. Rubber/WTR blends 2 also show ease of processing and acceptable properties. Thermoplastic/WTR blends suffers in term of toughness and elongation at break. However, the waste thermoplastic/WTR is a viable solution to address polymeric waste problem. Review also highlights the lack of studies concentrating on dynamic mechanical, aging, thermal and swelling properties of WTR polymeric blends.

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Manifestation of accelerator type and vulcanization system on the properties of silica‐reinforced SBR/devulcanize SBR blend vulcanizates

Ghosh

Ghorai

Jalan³

et al. 2018

Adv Polym Technol

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Mechanochemically devulcanized styrene-butadiene rubber, prepared by bis [3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl]-tetrasulfide, was blended with fresh styrene-butadiene rubber. The ultimate properties of the blend vulcanizate depend on a three-dimensional network structure formed during vulcanization which relies mainly on the accelerator and the vulcanizing system used during compounding. The effect of monosulfide, disulfide, and poly sulfide cross-links, which primarily gets controlled by different accelerators such as N-cyclohexyl-benzothiazyl-sulfenamide (CBS), tetramethylthiuram disulfide, 2-mercaptobenzothiazol, and N-tert-butyl-2-benzothiazyl-sulfona mide on mechanical, thermal, and dielectric behavior of the blend vulcanizates, was studied. The results indicate that the semi-efficient CBS vulcanizate has superior mechanical and thermal properties. Therefore, the effect of accelerator to sulfur ratio, that is, (accelerator/sulfur) on the properties of the blend vulcanizates was determined. It is to highlight that a distinctive correlation is observed between the crosslink types and the fraction of immobilized polymer chains of the blend vulcanizates.Further, the effect of cross-link types on segmental dynamics of the blend vulcanizates was studied through broadband dielectric spectroscopy. The SEM micrographs indicate the homogeneity of the blend vulcanizates. K E Y W O R D Saccelerator, blend, cross-link density, devulcanize rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber

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Reclaiming of rubber by a renewable resource material (RRM). III. evaluation of properties of NR reclaim

Cited by 68 publications

References 15 publications

Recycling natural rubber vulcanizates through mechanochemical devulcanization

Recycling natural rubber vulcanizates through mechanochemical devulcanization

Waste tire rubber in polymer blends: A review on the evolution, properties and future

Manifestation of accelerator type and vulcanization system on the properties of silica‐reinforced SBR/devulcanize SBR blend vulcanizates

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