Reciprocal relationships between substance use and disorders and suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in the Collaborative Study of the Genetics of Alcoholism

Abstract

Background Substance use and misuse and suicidal thoughts and behaviors tend to co-occur. The purpose of this study was to examine whether (a) suicidal ideation and attempt are related to onset of alcohol, nicotine and cannabis use and dependence; (b) early use of alcohol, nicotine and cannabis is associated with onset of suicidal ideation and attempt; and (c) whether these associations persist while controlling for covariates, such as family history of alcohol problems, major depression and other internalizing and externalizing disorders. Methods The prospective cohort of the Collaborative Study of the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA; N=3,277) was used. Cross-sectional and discrete time logistic regression (i.e. survival) analyses examined associations between suicidal ideation and attempt and onset of alcohol, nicotine and cannabis use and dependence. Survival models also examined whether individual early substance use was related to onset of ideation and attempt. Results Ideation was related to 0.71 – 0.77 odds of onset of subsequent alcohol, nicotine and cannabis use. Attempt was associated with 1.44 – 1.61 odds of later alcohol, nicotine and cannabis dependence, even after accounting for covariates. Evidence for early substance use being related to subsequent onset of ideation or attempt was limited. Several sex and race differences emerged. Limitations The sample was ascertained for family history of alcoholism; not all participants had been followed up allowing for censored observations; reporting bias. Conclusion Suicide attempts are associated with increased likelihood of onset of substance dependence.

Major depressive disorder, suicidal thoughts and behaviours, and cannabis involvement in discordant twins: a retrospective cohort study

“…We have previously noted that cannabis use is negatively correlated with MDD and suicidal thoughts and behaviours that precede it. 30 Based on earlier examinations of the gateway theory, these results further support the importance of temporal ordering of onsets, and hint at causal pathways. 29 …”

National Trends in Mental Health Care for US Adolescents

“…Analyses stratified by service setting revealed similar temporal trends across settings in care for internalizing, externalizing, relationship, and school-related problems (Table 3 13.6% in 2017-2018; aOR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.45-0.89; P = .008). Schoolrelated problems did not change in outpatient or inpatient mental health settings or in school counseling settings.…”

“…11 Moreover, some research suggests the presence of reciprocal relationships between internalizing and externalizing youth behaviors. [12][13][14][15] Few studies to date have explored the implications of recent national trends in the prevalence of internalizing and externalizing problems for service delivery. Specifically, little is known about recent changes in the clinical distribution of adolescent mental health care provided by specialty mental health, general medical, and school services.…”

Suicidal Thought and Associated Factors Among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus at North-west Ethiopia: Unemployment and Depression Matters

“…International reports show that SI prevalence among the general population ranges from 2.1% to 6.8% worldwide, and is variable, depending on socio-demographic factors, such as age, sex, marital status, occupation, and social support [6][7][8][9]. Moreover; approximately, 90 percent of suicide cases fulfill criteria for a psychiatric disorder, particularly major depressive disorder, substance use disorders, and schizophrenia [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17].…”