“…Within 3 years, nearly 40% of former prisoners incurred a violation of parole or probation or an arrest for a new offence, and within 5 years, nearly half did (Durose & Antenangeli, 2021). Although recidivism prevalence estimates are particularly high among U.S. parolees/probationers, recidivism estimates are substantively comparable to studies of former prisoners selected from 20 nations who are now on community supervision (Yukhnenko et al, 2019). In diverse nations, including Australia, Canada, Denmark, Finland, the Netherlands, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom, between 20% and 40% of individuals serving community-based sentences were reconvicted of a new crime within 2 years.…”