Rechtsmedizinische Begutachtung von Knochenfunden am Gießener Institut für Rechtsmedizin

Ohlwärther, T. E. N.; Holz, Franziska; Heidorn, Frank; Verhoff, Marcel A.; Birngruber, Christoph G.

doi:10.1007/s00194-021-00479-4

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The idea that consumption habits of humans have an influence on the frequency of animal bone finds would match the results from Hesse: Pork bones were the most frequently found animal bones in the study collective. And pork is the most common type of meat found on German plates [52]. A most likely confusion with a human bone existed in Hesse for the deer tibia (Fig.…”

Section: International Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone finds and their medicolegal examination: a study from Hesse, Germany

Ohlwärther

Holz

Edler

et al. 2023

Forensic Sci Med Pathol

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Bones found by chance can be of great criminal or historical interest. The nature of their appraisal depends on the individual case, the locally effective legislation and the available resources. To assess whether a find is relevant with respect to criminal investigation, the circumstances of the find and the results of the forensic examination carried out by trained personnel must be considered. The aim of this study was to obtain an overview of the circumstances and nature of the finds as well as the results of the subsequent expert opinions by evaluating bone finds from the federal state of Hesse, Germany. For this purpose, over a 10-year period from 2011 to 2020, all bone finds examined at the Institutes of Legal Medicine in Gießen and Frankfurt am Main, Germany, were evaluated retrospectively with regard to the locations and circumstances of the finds, their nature (human or non-human), the postmortem interval, possible traces of violent impact and the results of further examinations. Of the 288 bone finds evaluated, 38.2% were found in forests, meadows and parks. In 50.7%, the finds contained human bones, of which 37.0% had a forensically relevant postmortem interval of 50 years or less. Evidence of trauma was described in 77.4% of the human bone cases: postmortem damage in 78.8%, peri-mortem injury in 9.7% and ante-mortem injury in 11.5%. DNA examinations were performed in 40.4% of the human bone finds. They yielded STR profiles in 81.3%, leading to a definite identification in 35.4%. Among the non-human bones sent in, the most common were bones from pigs (23.4%), deer (18.1%), cattle (16.4%), roe deer (11.7%) and sheep (11.7%). The macroscopic examination is the first step of the forensic-osteological evaluation and sets the course for further examinations or investigations. DNA examinations are of great importance for the reliable identification of human bones. They were responsible for 70.8% of successful identifications.

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Section: International Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone finds and their medicolegal examination: a study from Hesse, Germany

Ohlwärther

Holz

Edler

et al. 2023

Forensic Sci Med Pathol

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“…Especially recent skeletal remains not older than a few decades are of significant interest to law enforcement [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Depending on the legal system of each country, the time it takes for a case to be relevant varies, for example, with 15 years in Portugal and 50 years in Germany [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. In skeletal remains, the PMI can be difficult to estimate following the decomposition of soft tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-Mortem Interval of Human Skeletal Remains Estimated with Handheld NIR Spectrometry

Schmidt

Zelger

Wöss

et al. 2022

Biology

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Estimating the post-mortem interval (PMI) of human skeletal remains is a critical issue of forensic analysis, with important limitations such as sample preparation and practicability. In this work, NIR spectroscopy (NIRONE® Sensor X; Spectral Engines, 61449, Germany) was applied to estimate the PMI of 104 human bone samples between 1 day and 2000 years. Reflectance data were repeatedly collected from eight independent spectrometers between 1950 and 1550 nm with a spectral resolution of 14 nm and a step size of 2 nm, each from the external and internal bone. An Artificial Neural Network was used to analyze the 66,560 distinct diagnostic spectra, and clearly distinguished between forensic and archaeological bone material: the classification accuracies for PMIs of 0–2 weeks, 2 weeks–6 months, 6 months–1 year, 1 year–10 years, and >100 years were 0.90, 0.94, 0.94, 0.93, and 1.00, respectively. PMI of archaeological bones could be determined with an accuracy of 100%, demonstrating the adequate predictive performance of the model. Applying a handheld NIR spectrometer to estimate the PMI of human skeletal remains is rapid and extends the repertoire of forensic analyses as a distinct, novel approach.

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Rechtsmedizinische Begutachtung von Knochenfunden am Gießener Institut für Rechtsmedizin

Cited by 2 publications

References 13 publications

Bone finds and their medicolegal examination: a study from Hesse, Germany

Bone finds and their medicolegal examination: a study from Hesse, Germany

Post-Mortem Interval of Human Skeletal Remains Estimated with Handheld NIR Spectrometry

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