Receptors for Phagocytosis and Trogocytosis in Entamoeba histolytica

Nakada‐Tsukui, Kumiko; Nozaki, Tomoyoshi

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-44826-4_17

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Thus, in a strict sense, most of the receptors were demonstrated to be involved in phagocytosis, but not trogocytosis per se. Such receptors include transmembrane kinases (TMKs) [TMKB3-96 (PATMK), TMKC-39, and TMKB1-9], serine rich Entamoeba histolytica protein (SREHP)/Ariel, EHI_098501, and G protein-coupled receptor (EhGPCR1) [ 111 , 112 ] ( Figure 1 a).…”

Section: Molecular Mechanisms Of Trogocytosis In E Histolyticamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, ingestion of erythrocytes, complement resistance, and cytolysis toward mammalian cells were unaffected [ 120 ], which were counter-intuitive, but maybe indicative of attachment and downstream events occur independently. Involvement of TMKs, SREHP/Ariel, EHI_098501, and EhGPCR1 in trogocytosis is not demonstrated, while they were shown to be engaged in phagocytosis of erythrocytes, mammalian cells, and bacteria [ 111 , 112 ].…”

Section: Molecular Mechanisms Of Trogocytosis In E Histolyticamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trogocytosis in Unicellular Eukaryotes

Nakada‐Tsukui

Nozaki

2021

Cells

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Trogocytosis is a mode of internalization of a part of a live cell by nibbling and is mechanistically distinct from phagocytosis, which implies internalization of a whole cell or a particle. Trogocytosis has been demonstrated in a broad range of cell types in multicellular organisms and is also known to be involved in a plethora of functions. In immune cells, trogocytosis is involved in the “cross-dressing” between antigen presenting cells and T cells, and is thus considered to mediate intercellular communication. On the other hand, trogocytosis has also been reported in a variety of unicellular organisms including the protistan (protozoan) parasite Entamoeba histolytica. E. histolytica ingests human T cell line by trogocytosis and acquires complement resistance and cross-dresses major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I on the cell surface. Furthermore, trogocytosis and trogocytosis-like phenomena (nibbling of a live cell, not previously described as trogocytosis) have also been reported in other parasitic protists such as Trichomonas, Plasmodium, Toxoplasma, and free-living amoebae. Thus, trogocytosis is conserved in diverse eukaryotic supergroups as a means of intercellular communication. It is depicting the universality of trogocytosis among eukaryotes. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of trogocytosis in unicellular organisms, including the history of its discovery, taxonomical distribution, roles, and molecular mechanisms.

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Section: Molecular Mechanisms Of Trogocytosis In E Histolyticamentioning

confidence: 99%