Receptor noise as a determinant of colour thresholds

Vorobyev, Misha; Osorio, Daniel

doi:10.1098/rspb.1998.0302

Cited by 1,116 publications

(1,418 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…We estimated colour contrast using the receptor noise limited model suggested by Vorobyev and Osorio (1998). In this model, we assume that colour discrimination is limited by receptor noise that is propagated into subsequent neural networks via colour opponent mechanisms.…”

Section: Modelling Chromatic Contrastmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Visual cues of oviposition sites and spectral sensitivity of Cydia strobilella L.

Jakobsson

Henze

Svensson

et al. 2017

Journal of Insect Physiology

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Please cite this article as: Jakobsson, J., Henze, M.J., Svensson, G.P., Lind, O., Anderbrant, O., Visual cues of oviposition sites and spectral sensitivity of Cydia strobilella L, Journal of Insect Physiology (2017), doi: http:// dx.doi.org/10. 1016/j.jinsphys.2017.06.006 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. AbstractWe investigated whether the spruce seed moth (Cydia strobilella L., Tortricidae: Grapholitini), an important pest in seed orchards of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.), can make use of the spectral properties of its host when searching for flowers to oviposit on. Spectral measurements showed that the flowers, and the cones they develop into, differ from a background of P. abies needles by a higher reflectance of long wavelengths. These differences increase as the flowers develop into mature cones. Electroretinograms (ERGs) in combination with spectral adaptation suggest that C. strobilella has at least three spectral types of photoreceptor; an abundant green-sensitive receptor with maximal sensitivity at wavelength λ max = 526 nm, a blue-sensitive receptor with λ max = 436 nm, and an ultravioletsensitive receptor with λ max = 352 nm. Based on our spectral measurements and the receptor properties inferred from the ERGs, we calculated that open flowers, which are suitable oviposition sites, provide detectable achromatic, but almost no chromatic contrasts to the background of needles. In field trials using traps of different spectral properties with or without a female sex pheromone lure, only pheromone-baited traps caught moths. Catches in baited traps were not correlated with the visual contrast of the traps against the background. Thus, visual contrast is probably not the primary cue for finding open host flowers, but it could potentially complement olfaction as a secondary cue, since traps with certain spectral properties caught significantly more moths than others.

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Section: Modelling Chromatic Contrastmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The model yields predictions of chromatic contrast ("colour") while achromatic contrast ("brightness") is ignored. Here, we provide a short outline of the model while comprehensive descriptions can be found in Vorobyev and Osorio (1998) and Kelber et al (2003).…”

Section: Modelling Chromatic Contrastmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual cues of oviposition sites and spectral sensitivity of Cydia strobilella L.

Jakobsson

Henze

Svensson

et al. 2017

Journal of Insect Physiology

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“…These data then can be incorporated into models to estimate the saliency of wavelengths, or the discriminability of colors, in species of interest [4] and [9]. Kemp et al [10] recognized such modeling as a valuable first step to investigating visual systems, but stressed the importance of behavioral studies in vision research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diurnal avifauna possess perhaps the most sophisticated color vision system among vertebrates [1], and most, if not all, are sensitive to near ultraviolet (UV, 300-400 nm) wavelengths [2] and [3]. Avian visual systems are typically categorized as either UV-sensitive (UVS) or violet-sensitive (VS), depending on the wavelength of maximum absorbance (λ max ) for the first of two short wave-sensitive visual pigments (SWS1) [4]. The UVS system is characterized by an SWS1 λ max from 355 nm to 373 nm [5], and is found in Passeriformes (Passerida only, not Corvida or Tyrannida), Paleognathae, Psittaciformes, and Laridae [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional visual sensitivity to ultraviolet wavelengths in the Pileated Woodpecker (Dryocopus pileatus), and its influence on foraging substrate selection

O'Daniels

Kesler

Mihail

et al. 2017

Physiology & Behavior

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Most diurnal birds are presumed visually sensitive to near ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths, however, controlled behavioral studies investigating UV sensitivity remain few. Although woodpeckers are important as primary cavity excavators and nuisance animals, published work on their visual systems is limited. We developed a novel foraging-based behavioral assay designed to test UV sensitivity in the Pileated Woodpecker (Dryocopus pileatus). We acclimated 21 wild-caught woodpeckers to foraging for frozen mealworms within 1.2 m sections of peeled cedar (Thuja spp.) poles. We then tested the functional significance of UV cues by placing frozen mealworms behind UV-reflective covers, UV-absorptive covers, or decayed red pine substrates within the same 1.2 m poles in independent experiments. Behavioral responses were greater toward both UV-reflective and UV-absorptive substrates in three experiments. Study subjects therefore reliably differentiated and attended to two distinct UV conditions of a foraging substrate. Cue-naïve subjects showed a preference for UV-absorptive substrates, suggesting that woodpeckers may be pre-disposed to foraging from such substrates. Behavioral responses were greater toward decayed pine substrates (UV-reflective) than sound pine substrates suggesting that decayed pine can be a useful foraging cue. The finding that cue-naïve subjects selected UV-absorbing foraging substrates has implications for ecological interactions of woodpeckers with fungi. Woodpeckers transport fungal spores, and communication methods analogous to those of plant-pollinator mutualisms (i.e. UV-absorbing patterns) may have evolved to support woodpecker-fungus mutualisms.Published by Elsevier Inc.

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“…A number of insectivorous birds inhabit Singapore (Castelletta, Thiollay, & Sodhi, 2005), but the specific predators of P. polytes in this area are unknown. For each replica type, we compared color patches (white, black, and red if present) between real specimens and paper replicas and calculated their similarity in units of just noticeable differences (JNDs) using the receptor‐noise model of Vorobyev and Osorio (1998). The comparisons were made using the blue tit ( Cyanistes caeruleus ) cone sensitivities, which represent the UV‐type avian visual system.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental field tests of Batesian mimicry in the swallowtail butterfly Papilio polytes

Palmer

Tan

Finkbeiner

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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The swallowtail butterfly Papilio polytes is known for its striking resemblance in wing pattern to the toxic butterfly Pachliopta aristolochiae and is a focal system for the study of mimicry evolution. Papilio polytes females are polymorphic in wing pattern, with mimetic and nonmimetic forms, while males are monomorphic and nonmimetic. Past work invokes selection for mimicry as the driving force behind wing pattern evolution in P. polytes. However, the mimetic relationship between P. polytes and P. aristolochiae is not well understood. In order to test the mimicry hypothesis, we constructed paper replicas of mimetic and nonmimetic P. polytes and P. aristolochiae, placed them in their natural habitat, and measured bird predation on replicas. In initial trials with stationary replicas and plasticine bodies, overall predation was low and we found no differences in predation between replica types. In later trials with replicas mounted on springs and with live mealworms standing in for the butterfly's body, we found less predation on mimetic P. polytes replicas compared to nonmimetic P. polytes replicas, consistent with the predator avoidance benefits of mimicry. While our results are mixed, they generally lend support to the mimicry hypothesis as well as the idea that behavioral differences between the sexes contributed to the evolution of sexually dimorphic mimicry.

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Receptor noise as a determinant of colour thresholds

Cited by 1,116 publications

References 45 publications

Visual cues of oviposition sites and spectral sensitivity of Cydia strobilella L.

Visual cues of oviposition sites and spectral sensitivity of Cydia strobilella L.

Functional visual sensitivity to ultraviolet wavelengths in the Pileated Woodpecker (Dryocopus pileatus), and its influence on foraging substrate selection

Experimental field tests of Batesian mimicry in the swallowtail butterfly Papilio polytes

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