Receptor-Like Kinase ACR4 Restricts Formative Cell Divisions in the
            <i>Arabidopsis</i>
            Root

Smet, Ive De; Vassileva, Valya; Rybel, Bert De; Levesque, Mitchell P.; Grunewald, Wim; Damme, Daniël Van; Noorden, Giel Van; Naudts, Mirande; Isterdael, Gert Van; Clercq, Rebecca De; Wang, Jean Y.; Meuli, Nicholas; Vanneste, Steffen; Friml, Jir ˇ i; Hilson, Pierre; Jürgens, Gerd; Ingram, Gwyneth; Inzé, Dirk; Benfey, Philip N.; Beeckman, Tom

doi:10.1126/science.1160158

Cited by 347 publications

(352 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…CLE40 was shown to be expressed in the columella stem cells, and the cle40 mutant shows multiple layers of columella stem cells, which is similar to the phenotype of the acr4 (Stahl et al 2009). Consistent with this, acr4 mutants are nearly insensitive to CLE40 peptide application, supporting the view that CLE40 and ACR4 form a ligand-receptor pair in root meristem maintenance (De Smet et al 2008;Hirakawa et al 2008). However, direct biochemical interaction between CLE40 and ACR4 remains to be examined and this would provide new insights into the diverse biochemical basis used to perceive CLE peptide using receptor kinases with divergent ectodomain structures.…”

Section: Lrr-containing Receptors Mediate Cle Peptide Signalingsupporting

confidence: 68%

A Tale of Two Systems: Peptide Ligand-Receptor Pairs in Plant Development

Lee

Torii

2012

Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology

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Plants have developed intercellular signaling systems that use secreted peptides and plasma membrane -localized receptorlike kinases (RLKs). Although there has been little experimental evidence linking specific peptide ligands to receptors, recent studies of several ligand-receptor pairs have revealed their increasingly important roles in cell-cell communications during plant development. In this review, we focus on two specific families of plant peptides: the CLAVATA3/ENDOSPERM SURROUNDING REGION (CLE) peptide family and the EPIDERMAL PATTERING FACTOR (EPF) family, along with their corresponding RLKs. We discuss how these two unrelated peptide-mediated signaling systems control plant cell fate and development using similar receptor kinases as well as the mechanisms for how these peptide ligand-receptor pairs precisely regulate various distinct aspects of plant development at the level of ligand-receptor recognition and signal transduction.

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Section: Lrr-containing Receptors Mediate Cle Peptide Signalingsupporting

confidence: 68%

A Tale of Two Systems: Peptide Ligand-Receptor Pairs in Plant Development

Lee

Torii

2012

Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology

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“…One of these is the RLK ARABIDOPSIS CRINKLY 4 (ACR4), thought to be a receptor for an as-yet undetermined small peptide signal. Following the first asymmetric pericycle cell division in lateral root formation, the small daughter cells formed can be observed to express ACR4; the expression of ACR4 continues in daughter cells following the second division, leading to a core-specific expression pattern [34]. In a cell autonomous fashion, ACR4 appears to play a role in promoting the early formative pericycle cell divisions required to initiate lateral roots; conversely, in a non-cell-autonomous fashion, ACR4 restricts supernumerary cell divisions in pericycle and columella cells once organogenesis has begun.…”

Section: Control Of Root Branching In Arabidopsis (A) Hormonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lateral root initiation is the result of auxin-dependent cell cycle progression in a specific subset of the pericycle cells, to form 'founder cells'. These initial cells subsequently go through several rounds of cell division to form the new lateral organ, which emerges perpendicularly to the parent primary root [34,35]. In contrast to the formation of shoot lateral organs, the later stages of lateral root emergence require the de novo creation of a new apical meristem within the emerging lateral root.…”

Section: Why Bother?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Root system architecture: insights fromArabidopsisand cereal crops

Smith

Smet

2012

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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374

289

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Roots are important to plants for a wide variety of processes, including nutrient and water uptake, anchoring and mechanical support, storage functions, and as the major interface between the plant and various biotic and abiotic factors in the soil environment. Understanding the development and architecture of roots holds potential for the exploitation and manipulation of root characteristics to both increase food plant yield and optimize agricultural land use. This theme issue highlights the importance of investigating specific aspects of root architecture in both the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana and (cereal) crops, presents novel insights into elements that are currently hardly addressed and provides new tools and technologies to study various aspects of root system architecture. This introduction gives a broad overview of the importance of the root system and provides a snapshot of the molecular control mechanisms associated with root branching and responses to the environment in A. thaliana and cereal crops.

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“…1A). The longer daughter cells undergo several further rounds of asymmetric cell division to create a stage I primordium composed of a core of short daughter cells flanked by the remaining longer daughter cells (11). It is often overlooked that LRPs are derived from not one but three pairs of pericycle cells originating from three adjacent cell files, which undergo the same pattern of asymmetric cells divisions (12) (Fig.…”

Section: Three-and Four-dimensional Image Analysis Reveals That Lrpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lateral root morphogenesis is dependent on the mechanical properties of the overlaying tissues

Lucas

Kenobi

Wangenheim

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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212

186

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In Arabidopsis, lateral root primordia (LRPs) originate from pericycle cells located deep within the parental root and have to emerge through endodermal, cortical, and epidermal tissues. These overlaying tissues place biomechanical constraints on the LRPs that are likely to impact their morphogenesis. This study probes the interplay between the patterns of cell division, organ shape, and overlaying tissues on LRP morphogenesis by exploiting recent advances in live plant cell imaging and image analysis. Our 3D/4D image analysis revealed that early stage LRPs exhibit tangential divisions that create a ring of cells corralling a population of rapidly dividing cells at its center. The patterns of division in the latter population of cells during LRP morphogenesis are not stereotypical. In contrast, statistical analysis demonstrated that the shape of new LRPs is highly conserved. We tested the relative importance of cell division pattern versus overlaying tissues on LRP morphogenesis using mutant and transgenic approaches. The double mutant aurora1 (aur1) aur2 disrupts the pattern of LRP cell divisions and impacts its growth dynamics, yet the new organ's dome shape remains normal. In contrast, manipulating the properties of overlaying tissues disrupted LRP morphogenesis. We conclude that the interaction with overlaying tissues, rather than the precise pattern of divisions, is most important for LRP morphogenesis and optimizes the process of lateral root emergence.lateral root development | plant morphogenesis | biomechanical regulation | statistical shape analysis | Arabidopsis thaliana I n contrast to animals, only the basic blueprint of the plant body plan is laid out during embryogenesis. Instead, the majority of plant organs are formed postembryonically. In some instances, organ formation can occur deep within another organ, as is the case for lateral roots (1, 2). In addition, plant cells are constrained by rigid walls; hence, cell migration cannot occur. Instead, plant morphogenesis relies on two mechanisms: oriented cell division and anisotropic growth (3, 4). For example, during embryogenesis, cells exhibit a highly synchronized program of expansion and division (5). How cell division, cell shape, and overlaying tissues interact during plant organ morphogenesis is currently unclear.Lateral roots are derived from cell division events deep within the primary root (1, 2). Pairs of pericycle cells in several adjacent files undergo a series of asymmetric formative divisions (reviewed in ref. 6). These periclinal (parallel) and anticlinal (perpendicular) divisions give birth to a lateral root primordium (LRP) that will develop further into a lateral root comprising a new root meristem. LRP formation in Arabidopsis was first described in a pioneering study 14 years ago (7) that proposed a seven-stage taxonomy of LRP development on the basis of 2D observations of cell layer numbers that still forms the basis of all studies describing LRP development in Arabidopsis.Recent advances in live biological imaging and image ...

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Receptor-Like Kinase ACR4 Restricts Formative Cell Divisions in the Arabidopsis Root

Cited by 347 publications

References 21 publications

A Tale of Two Systems: Peptide Ligand-Receptor Pairs in Plant Development

A Tale of Two Systems: Peptide Ligand-Receptor Pairs in Plant Development

Root system architecture: insights fromArabidopsisand cereal crops

Lateral root morphogenesis is dependent on the mechanical properties of the overlaying tissues

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