2003
DOI: 10.1016/s0043-1354(02)00574-2
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Recent water quality trends in the Schuylkill River, Pennsylvania, USA: a preliminary assessment of the relative influences of climate, river discharge and suburban development

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Cited by 96 publications
(60 citation statements)
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References 17 publications
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“…For example, studies in urban watersheds have documented increased streamflow, reduced time of concentration [Wissmar et al, 2004;Murdock et al, 2004], altered soil moisture levels [Carlson and Arthur, 2000;Arthur-Hartranft et al, 2003], increased runoff losses [Corbet et al, 1997], and reduced albedo [Schmid et al, 1991]. Furthermore, urban areas can alter the transport of nutrients and other contaminants to surface water bodies [Interlandi and Crockett, 2003], which result in increased primary productivity [Smart et al, 1981] and impaired water quality. There have been many studies assessing the impact of agricultural activity on non\point contaminant sources [Puckett, 1995;Ekholm et al, 2000;Sharpley et al, 2001;Andraski and Bundy, 2003], but relatively few comprehensive studies characterizing the effects of urbanization on watershed scale hydraulic response and water quality [Rodriguez et al, 2003;Carle et al, 2005].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For example, studies in urban watersheds have documented increased streamflow, reduced time of concentration [Wissmar et al, 2004;Murdock et al, 2004], altered soil moisture levels [Carlson and Arthur, 2000;Arthur-Hartranft et al, 2003], increased runoff losses [Corbet et al, 1997], and reduced albedo [Schmid et al, 1991]. Furthermore, urban areas can alter the transport of nutrients and other contaminants to surface water bodies [Interlandi and Crockett, 2003], which result in increased primary productivity [Smart et al, 1981] and impaired water quality. There have been many studies assessing the impact of agricultural activity on non\point contaminant sources [Puckett, 1995;Ekholm et al, 2000;Sharpley et al, 2001;Andraski and Bundy, 2003], but relatively few comprehensive studies characterizing the effects of urbanization on watershed scale hydraulic response and water quality [Rodriguez et al, 2003;Carle et al, 2005].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Rising chloride concentrations in lakes and streams have been linked to chloride use on land (O'Connor and Mueller 1970, Lathrop 1988, Rosenberry et al 1999, Interlandi and Crockett 2003. Although chloride is most frequently associated with roadway deicing chemicals, chloride is also a component of fertilizers and animal feeds and is used in residential water softening (Herlihy et al 1998, Bates 2000, Smart et al 2001, Thunqvist 2004.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The inputs were primarily oriented toward natural environmental resources and the ecological environment, including factors such as surface temperature [57][58][59], surface runoff [2,13,[43][44][45][46], habitat quality [13,[40][41][42]60], and water consumption [2,44,61].…”
Section: Input and Output Indicatorsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The common methods of efficiency assessment include ratio analysis, regression analysis, and DEA [69]. One characteristic of DEA is that no prior knowledge of the production function between the input and output attribute data is required; similarly, no relative weight needs to be set for the attribute data [54,[60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72]. Therefore, DEA is useful for comprehensively assessing the indicators of different types and data patterns; it is widely used in economic science, agricultural economics, public economics, financial economics, and economic policy.…”
Section: Input and Output Indicatorsmentioning
confidence: 99%