Recent Trends on the Valorization Strategies for the Management of Citrus By-products

Panwar, Divyani; Panesar, Parmjit S.; Chopra, Harish Kumar

doi:10.1080/87559129.2019.1695834

Cited by 55 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 156 publications

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“…Similarly, the “green chemistry” approach aims at reducing waste generation, despite it was primarily conceived to limit the threats to both environment and human health by employing renewable energetic sources, non-toxic reagents, and more ecological processes (i.e., air pressure and room temperature) [ 7 ]. Moreover, according to circular economy, another consequence of revalued waste is the potential recovery of compounds endowed of notable biological value [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Second Life of Citrus Fruit Waste: A Valuable Source of Bioactive Compounds

et al. 2021

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Citrus fruits (CF) are among the most widely cultivated fruit crops throughout the world and their production is constantly increasing along with consumers’ demand. Therefore, huge amounts of waste are annually generated through CF processing, causing high costs for their disposal, as well as environmental and human health damage, if inappropriately performed. According to the most recent indications of an economic, environmental and pharmaceutical nature, CF processing residues must be transformed from a waste to be disposed to a valuable resource to be reused. Based on a circular economy model, CF residues (i.e., seeds, exhausted peel, pressed pulp, secondary juice and leaves) have increasingly been re-evaluated to also obtain, but not limited to, valuable compounds to be employed in the food, packaging, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. However, the use of CF by-products is still limited because of their underestimated nutritional and economic value, hence more awareness and knowledge are needed to overcome traditional approaches for their disposal. This review summarizes recent evidence on the pharmacological potential of CF waste to support the switch towards a more environmentally sustainable society.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Second Life of Citrus Fruit Waste: A Valuable Source of Bioactive Compounds

et al. 2021

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“…Citrus is one of the most widely cultivated, processed and consumed fruits throughout the world [1], with an estimated production of 98 million metric tons in 2020-2021 [2]. It produces a large number of by-products (e.g., peels or seeds) that can cause, on one hand, severe environmental pollution [1] and, on the other hand, the loss of bioactive compounds that could be key components for developing nutraceuticals and functional foods. For that reason, and to allow the recovery of these potentially bioactive compounds from agri-food by-products, the circular economy is being widely promoted [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Characterization and Quantification of Antioxidant Compounds in Finger Lime (Citrus australasica L.) by HPLC-QTof-MS and UPLC-MS/MS

2022

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Australian finger limes (Citrus australasica L.), an unusual citrus due to its unique pulp with a caviar-like appearance, has reached the global market as a promising source of bioactive compounds that promote health. This research was, therefore, performed to shed light on the bioactivity and composition of different parts of Citrus australasica L. (peel and pulp). Initial ultrasound-assisted extraction using MeOH:H2O (80:20, v/v) was carried out. After that, four fractions (hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol and water) were generated through liquid–liquid partitioning, and the total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity were evaluated using the Folin–Ciocalteu and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays, respectively. The ethyl acetate fraction in the peel, which presented the highest values of TPC and antioxidant activity, was characterized using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight (HPLC-QTof) mass spectrometry. Fifteen compounds were identified, of which seven were characterized for the first time in this matrix. Moreover, ten phenolic compounds were quantified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The major compounds in the sample were citric acid, pyrogallol, caffeic acid, coumarin, rutin, naringin, 2-coumaric acid, didymin, naringenin and isorhamnetin, which were found in a range from 2.7 to 8106.7 µg/g sample dry weight. Finally, the results presented in this novel work confirmed that the peel by-product of C. australasica L. is a potential source of bioactive compounds and could result in a positive outcome for the food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries.

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“…Although first-generation hybrids of Citrus with Poncirus typically have fruit with undesirable flavor [ 8 ], they may be suitable for the production of many secondary processed products with high value. A number of products such as sugars, pectic hydrocolloids, limonene, volatiles, phenolics, and flavonoids come from citrus fruits that can serve as a chemical feedstock for the fuel, chemical, pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries [ 9 , 10 , 11 ]. Various methods to extract these compounds from citrus fruits have been explored including steam explosion (STEX) [ 9 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of products such as sugars, pectic hydrocolloids, limonene, volatiles, phenolics, and flavonoids come from citrus fruits that can serve as a chemical feedstock for the fuel, chemical, pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries [ 9 , 10 , 11 ]. Various methods to extract these compounds from citrus fruits have been explored including steam explosion (STEX) [ 9 , 12 , 13 ]. STEX is a hydrothermal process where steam at elevated temperature and pressure is applied to a material for a designated period followed by rapid decompression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steam Explosion (STEX) of Citrus × Poncirus Hybrids with Exceptional Tolerance to Candidatus Liberibacter Asiaticus (CLas) as Useful Sources of Volatiles and Other Commercial Products

Dorado

Bowman

Cameron

et al. 2021

Biology

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Florida citrus production has declined 75% due to Huanglongbing (HLB), a disease caused by the pathogenic bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas). Methods to combat CLas are costly and only partially effective. The cross-compatible species Poncirus trifoliata and some of its hybrids are known to be highly tolerant to CLas, and thus can potentially serve as an alternative feedstock for many citrus products. To further investigate the commercial potential of citrus hybrids, three citrus hybrids, US-802, US-897, and US-942, were studied for their potential as feedstocks for citrus co-products using steam explosion (STEX) followed by water extraction. Up to 93% of sugars were recovered. US-897 and US-942 have similar volatile profiles to that of the commercial citrus fruit types and as much as 85% of these volatiles could be recovered. Approximately 80% of the pectic hydrocolloids present in all three hybrids could be obtained in water washes of STEX material. Of the phenolics identified, the flavanone glycosides, i.e., naringin, neohesperidin, and poncirin were the most abundant quantitatively in these hybrids. The ability to extract a large percentage of these compounds, along with their inherent values, make US-802, US-897, and US-942 potentially viable feedstock sources for citrus co-products in the current HLB-blighted environment.

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Recent Trends on the Valorization Strategies for the Management of Citrus By-products

Cited by 55 publications

References 156 publications

The Second Life of Citrus Fruit Waste: A Valuable Source of Bioactive Compounds

The Second Life of Citrus Fruit Waste: A Valuable Source of Bioactive Compounds

Comprehensive Characterization and Quantification of Antioxidant Compounds in Finger Lime (Citrus australasica L.) by HPLC-QTof-MS and UPLC-MS/MS

Steam Explosion (STEX) of Citrus × Poncirus Hybrids with Exceptional Tolerance to Candidatus Liberibacter Asiaticus (CLas) as Useful Sources of Volatiles and Other Commercial Products

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