Recent Trends in the Incidence, Geographical Distribution, and Survival From Thyroid Cancer in Wales, 1985–2010

Amphlett, Bethan; Lawson, Zoë; Abdulrahman, Ganiy Opeyemi; White, C.; Bailey, Rowena; Premawardhana, Lakdasa; Okosieme, Onyebuchi

doi:10.1089/thy.2012.0573

Cited by 39 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In addition to being consistent with the hospital based histopathological studies that papillary carcinoma is the commonest malignancy of thyroid and its frequency is increasing. Our findings also conform to the recent registry based studies from Finland (Hakala et al, 2012) and Wales (Amphlett et al, 2013); regarding the increasing trend of papillary carcinoma in Europe. Wang et al, (2013) in their study found incidental papillary carcinoma in 147 out of their 709 cases and concluded that these are more common in females.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Histopathological Patterns of Thyroid Disease in Al-Madinah Region of Saudi Arabia

Albasri

Sawaf²,

Hussainy³

et al. 2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Objectives: This study aimed to characterize the histopathological pattern of thyroid lesions among Saudi patients and to highlight the age and gender variations of these lesions as base line data. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data from thyroid specimens received at the Department of Pathology, King Fahad Hospital, Madinah, Saudi Arabia from January 2006 to December 2013. Results: The 292 thyroidectomy specimens received during the study period came from 230 (78.8%) females and 62 (21.2%) males giving a female: male ratio of 3.7:1. Age of the patients ranged from 14 to 95 years with a mean age 39.7 years. Two hundred and eleven (72.3%) cases were found to be non-neoplastic and 81 (27.7%) cases were neoplastic. The non-neoplastic group included: colloid goiter, including both diffuse and nodular goiter (170 cases; 58.2%), nodular hyperplasia (28 cases; 9.6%), Hashimoto/chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (12 cases; 4.1%), and Grave's disease (1 case; 0.3%). In neoplastic lesions, there were 7 benign tumors and 74 malignant tumors. Among the benign tumors, 5 were follicular adenomas and 2 were Hurthle cell adenomas. Papillary carcinoma was the commonest malignant tumor accounting for 87.8% of all thyroid malignancies, followed by lymphoma, follicular carcinoma and medullary carcinoma. The size of papillary carcinoma was more than 2 cm in 40 cases (76.9%). Conclusions: Non-neoplastic thyroid lesions were more common than neoplastic ones. Colloid goiter was the most common lesion. Follicular adenoma was the commonest benign tumor and papillary carcinoma was the commonest malignant lesion. There appears to be a slightly increased trend of papillary carcinoma diagnosis, most being diagnosed at an advanced stage.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Amphlett et al (2013), observed the recent trends in the incidence, geographical distribution, and survival from thyroid cancer in Wales. From Turkey, Veyseller et al (2009), looked into thyroidectomies for benign diseases, while Yildiz et al (2014), studied the rising trends of papillary carcinoma of thyroid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathological Patterns of Thyroid Disease in Al-Madinah Region of Saudi Arabia

Albasri

Sawaf²,

Hussainy³

et al. 2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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“…The proportion of surgeries ex- cluded was constant during 1995-2015, but excluded thyroid hormone therapies increased from 1.2 to 2.6%. This may also be explained by improved survival in thyroid cancer patients [34]. Estimation of only direct medicine and hospital costs produces reliable but conservative estimates likely in the same direction as all direct, indirect, medical, and nonmedical costs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in Costs of Thyroid Disease Treatment in Denmark during 1995–2015

Møllehave¹,

Linneberg²,

Skaaby³

et al. 2018

Eur Thyroid J

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Background: Iodine fortification (IF) may contribute to changes in costs of thyroid disease treatment through changes in disease patterns. From a health economic perspective, assessment of the development in costs of thyroid disease treatment in the population is pertinent. Objectives: To assess the trends in annual medicine and hospital costs of thyroid disease treatment during 1995–2015 in Denmark, i.e., before and after the introduction of mandatory IF in 2000. Methods: Information on treatments for thyroid disease (antithyroid medication, thyroid hormone therapy, thyroid surgery, and radioiodine treatment) was obtained from nationwide registers. Costs were valued at 2015 prices using sales prices for medicines and the Danish Diagnosis-Related Group (DRG) and Danish Ambulatory Grouping System (DAGS) tariffs of surgeries/radioiodine treatments. Results were adjusted for changes in population size and age and sex distribution. Results: The total direct medicine and hospital costs of thyroid disease treatment increased from EUR ∼190,000 per 100,000 persons in 1995 to EUR ∼270,000 per 100,000 persons in 2015. This was mainly due to linearly increased costs of thyroid hormone therapy and increased costs of thyroid surgery since 2008. Costs of antithyroid medication increased slightly and transiently after IF, while costs of radioiodine treatment remained constant. Costs of thyroid hormone therapy and thyroid surgery did not follow the development in the prevalence of hypothyroidism and structural thyroid diseases observed in concurrent studies. Conclusion: The costs of total direct medicine and hospital costs for thyroid disease treatment in Denmark increased from 1995 to 2015. This is possibly due to several factors, e.g., changes in treatment practices, and the direct effect of IF alone remains to be estimated.

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“…T hyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy, and its incidence has increased almost threefold in recent decades (1)(2)(3)(4). Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the predominant histologic subtype (85-90%), and has a 10-year survival rate of greater than 90% (5,6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BRAF^V600E in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Is Associated with Increased Programmed Death Ligand 1 Expression and Suppressive Immune Cell Infiltration

Angell

Lechner

Jang

et al. 2014

Thyroid

113

102

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Background: There remain a small number of patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) who suffer recurrence, metastases, or death. While mutation of the BRAF gene, corresponding to the constitutively active BRAF V600E protein, has been associated with worse clinical outcomes in thyroid cancer, the reasons underlying this observation are presently unknown. Disruption of endogenous host immune surveillance and promotion of tumor immune escape is one mechanism by which BRAF V600E tumors may achieve more aggressive behavior. This study evaluated the relationship between BRAF V600E status and known strategies of tumor-mediated immune suppression. Methods: Tissue sections of PTC tumors from 33 patients were evaluated by immunohistochemistry for tumorexpressed suppressive ligands and enzymes and effector and suppressor populations of tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Presence of BRAF V600E was evaluated by direct DNA sequencing of PTC specimens and the results correlated with tumor-expressed molecules and tumor-infiltrating immune cell populations, as well as patient characteristics and pathologic findings. Results: BRAF V600E tumors more often express high levels of immunosuppressive ligands programmed death ligand 1 (53% vs. 12.5%) and human leukocyte antigen G (41% vs. 12.5%) compared to BRAF wild-type tumors. There was no association between indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 expression and BRAF V600E status. Furthermore, BRAF V600E tumors demonstrate both lower CD8 + effector to FoxP3 + regulatory T cell, and CD68 + pan-macrophage to CD163 + M2 macrophage ratios, indicating relative increases in suppressive T cell and macrophage components, respectively. Conclusions: Overall, BRAF V600E PTC tumors display a broadly immunosuppressive profile and evidence of disturbed host tumor immune surveillance that may contribute to the poorer outcomes observed in this subset of patients with thyroid cancer.

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Recent Trends in the Incidence, Geographical Distribution, and Survival From Thyroid Cancer in Wales, 1985–2010

Cited by 39 publications

References 30 publications

Histopathological Patterns of Thyroid Disease in Al-Madinah Region of Saudi Arabia

Histopathological Patterns of Thyroid Disease in Al-Madinah Region of Saudi Arabia

Trends in Costs of Thyroid Disease Treatment in Denmark during 1995–2015

BRAF^V600E in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Is Associated with Increased Programmed Death Ligand 1 Expression and Suppressive Immune Cell Infiltration

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Recent Trends in the Incidence, Geographical Distribution, and Survival From Thyroid Cancer in Wales, 1985–2010

Cited by 39 publications

References 30 publications

Histopathological Patterns of Thyroid Disease in Al-Madinah Region of Saudi Arabia

Histopathological Patterns of Thyroid Disease in Al-Madinah Region of Saudi Arabia

Trends in Costs of Thyroid Disease Treatment in Denmark during 1995–2015

BRAFV600E in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Is Associated with Increased Programmed Death Ligand 1 Expression and Suppressive Immune Cell Infiltration

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BRAF^V600E in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Is Associated with Increased Programmed Death Ligand 1 Expression and Suppressive Immune Cell Infiltration