Recent trends in non‐native, invertebrate, plant pest establishments in <scp>G</scp>reat <scp>B</scp>ritain, accounting for time lags in reporting

Smith, Richard M.; Baker, Richard; Collins, Dominique W.; Korycinska, Anastasia; Malumphy, Chris; Ostojá-Starzewski, J. C.; Prior, Thomas; Pye, Daniel R. L.; Reid, Sharon

doi:10.1111/afe.12282

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The total number of invasive species is increasing worldwide (Huang, Haack, & Zhang, ; Seebens et al, , ; Smith et al, ). The number of new invasions, as well as the number of individual species recognized as invasive, has increased steadily since 1800, with an increased rate of introduction after 1950 (Seebens et al, , ).…”

Section: A Growing Problem?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Invasive species are those introduced to a novel environment with negative ecological, economic or social impacts (Mooney, ). These negative impacts have been increasingly recognized in both the ecological and economic literatures as awareness of the impacts of invasive species grows, and as globalization increases the pathways and speed of invasions (Seebens et al, ; Smith et al, ). In this paper, we outline the approaches that economists take to measuring the costs of invasive species, including both commercially valued losses and “non‐market” effects, while noting that economic benefits arise from non‐native species in many instances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The economic benefits of invasive species management

2019

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Invasive species are known to cause significant negative impacts to ecosystems and to people. In this paper, we outline the nature of these economic impacts, and then present a range of approaches for estimating the economic costs of invasive species (including impacts on biodiversity), and thus the benefits of management programmes. The importance of thinking clearly about the most appropriate context for valuation is stressed. We provide examples of the application of non‐market valuation approaches to invasive species management, and show how such methods can be used to measure public preferences over how control is undertaken. We discuss some important problems in applying economic valuation methods in this context. A plain language summary is available for this article.

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Section: A Growing Problem?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The economic benefits of invasive species management

2019

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“…However, it is also considered as a pathway for the introduction of tree pests and diseases (EPPO, 2012;Liebhold, Brockerhoff, Garrett, Parke, & Britton, 2012). Smith et al (2018) estimate that a total of 267 introduced plant pathogens became established in Great Britain from 1970 to 2013. From these, 10 species affect the forestry sector.…”

Section: Invasive Forest Pathogens and Importsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…About two-thirds of the total introduced species are native to continental Europe with approximately 50% of the total coming from the Netherlands and 14% from France (Jones & Baker, 2007). North America and Asia follow with about 20% of establishments, 10% from each region (Smith et al, 2018).…”

Section: Invasive Forest Pathogens and Importsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in commercial demand for tree saplings affects the probability of introducing exotic forest diseases

Chávez

Gilligan

Bosch

2018

Journal of Applied Ecology

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Several devastating forest pathogens are suspected or known to have entered the UK through imported planting material. The nursery industry is a key business of the tree trade network. Variability in demand for trees makes it difficult for nursery owners to predict how many trees to produce in their nursery. When in any given year, the demand for trees is larger than the production, nursery owners buy trees from foreign sources to match market demand. These imports may introduce exotic diseases.We have developed a model of the dynamics of plant production linked to an economic model. We have used this to quantify the effect of demand variability on the risk of introducing an exotic disease.We find that: (a) When the cost of producing a tree in a UK nursery is considerably smaller than the cost of importing a tree (in the example presented, less than half the importing cost), the risk of introducing an exotic disease is hardly affected by an increase in demand variability. (b) When the cost of producing a tree in the nursery is smaller than, but not very different from the cost of importing a tree, the risk of importing exotic diseases increases with increasing demand variability. Synthesis and applications. Our model and results demonstrate how a balanced management of demand variability and costs can reduce the risk of importing an exotic forest disease according to the management strategy adopted. For example, a management strategy that can reduce the demand variability, the ratio of production to import cost or both, optimizes the nursery gross margin when mainly own‐produced trees are commercialized. This can also translate into a reduction of the risk of introducing exotic forest diseases due to the small number of imported trees for sale.

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“…This detection time lag, as well as the additional delay between the detection and reporting of establishment (often > 2 years, see e.g. Smith et al 2018), further limits the chance of eradication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safeguarding global plant health: the rise of sentinels

et al. 2018

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The number of alien plant pests and pathogens is rapidly increasing in many countries as a result of increasing trade, particularly the trade in living plants. Sentinel plantings in exporting countries to detect arthropod pests and agents of diseases prior to introduction provide information about the likelihood of introduction and the potential impact on plants native to the importing country. Such plantings can consist of species that are native to exporting or importing countries ("in-patria" and "ex-patria" plantings). In-patria plantings consist of young woody plants of species that are commonly exported and can be used to identify pests that may be introduced to new countries via the trade in live plants. Ex-patria plantings consist of exotic young or mature woody plants and surveys may provide information about potential impacts of pests if these were to become established in a new country. We discuss the methods and benefits of this powerful tool and list examples of studies that highlight the large number of unknown organisms and pest-host relationships that can be detected. The usefulness of sentinel plantings is illustrated using examples of arthropod pests and fungal pathogens of European and Asian tree species that were identified in sentinel studies in China and the Asian Russia. Keywords Woody plants • Exotic pests and pathogens • Early warning Key message • Many exotic plant pests and pathogens are unknown prior to their establishment, making prevention and management difficult. • Sentinel plantings to detect pests and pathogens prior to introduction provide information about the likelihood of introduction and the potential impact on plants native to the importing country. • This paper discusses the different types of sentinel plantings based on the native range and age of the plants, their purpose, limitations and benefits. • Summarised results from published studies illustrate the benefits of sentinel plantings.

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Recent trends in non‐native, invertebrate, plant pest establishments in Great Britain, accounting for time lags in reporting

Cited by 21 publications

References 32 publications

The economic benefits of invasive species management

The economic benefits of invasive species management

Variability in commercial demand for tree saplings affects the probability of introducing exotic forest diseases

Safeguarding global plant health: the rise of sentinels

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