Recent trends in management strategies for two major maize borers: Ostrinia nubilalis and Sesamia nonagrioides

Kaçar, Gülay; Butrón, Ana; Kontogiannatos, Dimitriοs; Han, Peng; Peñaflor, Maria Fernanda Gomes Villalba; Farinós, Gema P.; Huang, Fangneng; Hutchison, W. D.; Souza, Bruno Henrique Sardinha de; Malvar, R. A.; Kourti, Anna; Ramírez-Romero, Ricardo; Smith, Jocelyn; Koca, Abdurrahman Sami; Pineda, María Corina; Haddi, Khalid

doi:10.1007/s10340-023-01595-8

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 217 publications

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“…Preferrably, such monitoring should be accompanied by, for instance, inspection of maize stems for larval damage. Indeed, future management of insect pests in maize will need multiple methods to face coming climate changes and other challenges (Kaçar et al., 2023).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Z‐ and E‐strain Ostrinia nubilalis in Sweden shortly after first detection of the Z‐strain

Anderbrant,

Marques,

Aldén

et al. 2023

J Applied Entomology

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IntroductionThe European corn borer (ECB), Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is a major pest insect in maize. New cultivars and climate change have allowed range expansion of the crop northwards in Europe, and a similar range expansion of associated pests has been predicted. ECB exists as two distinct pheromone strains using different blends of (E)‐11‐tetradecenyl acetate and (Z)‐11‐tetradecenyl acetate for sexual communication; in addition, the Z‐strain feeds almost exclusively on maize. In Sweden, the maize cropping area has increased tenfold during the last two decades, increasing the potential for spread of the Z‐strain, which was recorded for the first time in the country in 2010.Aim of the study/methodsIn this study, we performed trapping experiments with strain‐specific lures in maize fields in southern Sweden during 2013–2022 to monitor the presence and relative abundance of the two ECB strains and evaluate the potential increase of the Z‐strain. Trapping was also performed at least 5 km away from maize fields. Molecular markers were used to verify the strain identity of trapped males and larvae that fed on maize.ResultsCatch data revealed that both pheromone strains were present in the major maize cultivation areas of Sweden, as predicted by recent modelling studies. Our data indicate that the flight period of ECB in southern Sweden lasts from the middle of June to late August, with peak flight in July. Catches of both strains were low at all trapping sites and throughout the study period and decreased further during the years following the dry summer of 2018. No Z‐strain males were trapped far away from maize fields.ConclusionBased on our results, and the low levels of ECB‐related damage observed in local maize fields, the Z‐strain is currently not imposing a threat to Swedish maize growers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Z‐ and E‐strain Ostrinia nubilalis in Sweden shortly after first detection of the Z‐strain

Anderbrant,

Marques,

Aldén

et al. 2023

J Applied Entomology

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“…IRM based on the HDR strategy for European corn borer in Bt-corn has been quite successful, with no reports of practical field resistance during the first two decades after its commercialization [ 57 , 66 , 71 , 76 ]. Bt-crops targeting other pests have not always fared so well, with steadily growing reports of confirmed practical field resistance [ 67 , 71 ].…”

Section: Field-evolved Resistance To Bt-corn In Canadamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An ongoing concern has been loss of Bt-corn hybrid efficacy via evolution of resistance by the insect to one or more of the Bt Cry proteins [ 56 , 57 ]. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) recognized the improved environmental safety Bt-corn affords to management of European corn borer over chemical insecticides and thus its value to society.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Facets of European Corn Borer Adult Movement Ecology Relevant to Mitigating Field Resistance to Bt-Corn

Sappington

2024

Insects

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The European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis, Hübner) has been managed successfully in North America since 1996 with transgenic Bt-corn. However, field-evolved resistance to all four available insecticidal Bt proteins has been detected in four provinces of Canada since 2018. Evidence suggests resistance may be spreading and evolving independently in scattered hotspots. Evolution and spread of resistance are functions of gene flow, and therefore dispersal, so design of effective resistance management and mitigation plans must take insect movement into account. Recent advances in characterizing European corn borer movement ecology have revealed a number of surprises, chief among them that a large percentage of adults disperse from the natal field via true migratory behavior, most before mating. This undermines a number of common key assumptions about adult behavior, patterns of movement, and gene flow, and stresses the need to reassess how ecological data are interpreted and how movement in models should be parameterized. While many questions remain concerning adult European corn borer movement ecology, the information currently available is coherent enough to construct a generalized framework useful for estimating the spatial scale required to implement possible Bt-resistance prevention, remediation, and mitigation strategies, and to assess their realistic chances of success.

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“…Furthermore, EFSA recommends the consent holder to explore the feasibility of replacing the current plant assays, which use leaf tissue to confirm field relevance of resistance, with assays that rely on whole maize plants. This method would be more realistic to assess resistance evolution of ECB and MCB to maize MON 810, since it would account for the tunnelling feeding behaviour in stalks of both target pests, especially in the case of MCB, which enters the stalk after only 1-2 days feeding on whorl tissue (Kaçar et al, 2023), as well as the lower toxin concentrations expressed in stalks compared to leaves in maize MON 810 across phenological stages (Székács et al, 2010). EFSA observes that the detection limit for resistance allele frequency achieved in the diagnostic bioassays was higher than the recommended 3% for ECB (5.7%).…”

Section: Monitoring Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the 2021 post‐market environmental monitoring report on the cultivation of genetically modified maize MON 810 in the EU

Messéan,

Álvarez,

Devos

et al. 2023

EFS2

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Following a request from the European Commission, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) assessed the 2021 post-market environmental monitoring (PMEM) report on the cultivation of Cry1Ab-expressing maize event MON 810. Evidence provided in the PMEM report shows that farmers growing maize MON 810 in Spain complied partially with refuge requirements, while full compliance was achieved in Portugal. Cry1Ab susceptibility tests performed on European and Mediterranean corn borer populations collected from north-eastern Spain in 2021 indicated no symptoms of resistance evolution to maize MON 810. However, unexpected damage to maize MON 810 plants was observed in a field trial in the province of Girona (north-eastern Spain), which may point to the presence of resistance alleles in this region. Information retrieved through farmer questionnaires and the scientific literature reveals no unanticipated adverse effects on human and animal health or the environment arising from the cultivation of maize MON 810. Overall, EFSA concludes that the evidence reported in the 2021 PMEM report does not invalidate its previous conclusions on the safety of maize MON 810. The possible presence of Cry1Ab resistance alleles at frequencies leading to damage to maize MON 810 plants in Girona requires twofold actions: (1) increase monitoring efforts in this area; and (2) implement remedial measures to limit the suspected evolution and spread of resistance. As in previous years, EFSA identified shortcomings on resistance monitoring that need revision. In particular, full refuge compliance must be achieved in Spain. Moreover, the sensitivity of the monitoring plan must be increased, which can be achieved by replacing the current susceptibility assays by periodic F 2 screens. EFSA also recommends the consent holder to revise the farmer questionnaires to account for the emergence of teosinte as a noxious agricultural weed in maize MON 810-growing areas in Spain.

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Recent trends in management strategies for two major maize borers: Ostrinia nubilalis and Sesamia nonagrioides

Cited by 14 publications

References 217 publications

Occurrence of Z‐ and E‐strain Ostrinia nubilalis in Sweden shortly after first detection of the Z‐strain

Occurrence of Z‐ and E‐strain Ostrinia nubilalis in Sweden shortly after first detection of the Z‐strain

Critical Facets of European Corn Borer Adult Movement Ecology Relevant to Mitigating Field Resistance to Bt-Corn

Assessment of the 2021 post‐market environmental monitoring report on the cultivation of genetically modified maize MON 810 in the EU

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