Recent Trends in Leather Making: Processes, Problems, and Pathways

Thanikaivelan, P.; Rao, Jonnalagadda Raghava; Nair, Balachandran Unni; Ramasami, T.

doi:10.1080/10643380590521436

Cited by 143 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…When the skin is subjected to the alkali treatment, the soluble proteins present on the surface of the skin are discharged as waste. Yearly, nine million tons of skins/hides are being processed worldwide [4]. Literature reveals that, for every 100 kg of raw hides, 15 kg of solubilized protein is discharged as waste in the early stages of the process of transforming hides into leather [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Aqueous Two-Phase Systems for the Recovery of Soluble Proteins from Tannery Wastewater Using Response Surface Methodology

Selvaraj

Murty

2013

Journal of Engineering

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Aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) composed of polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG 6000) and sodium citrate (SC) has been proposed to recover the valuable soluble proteins from tannery wastewater. A sequential optimization strategy which included fractional factorial design (fFD) and central composite design (CCD) was employed to enhance the recovery. From this strategy, a secondorder polynomial model was obtained for the protein recovery and it was validated. The optimum recovery was found as 93.46% when pH, NaCl concentration, and temperature were kept at 7.5, 0.1 M, and 33 ∘ C, respectively, for a phase system composed of 20% (w/w) PEG 6000-15% (w/w) SC. Thus the proposed ATPS can serve as an alternative to the conventional precipitation method to recover the soluble proteins from tannery wastewater.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Aqueous Two-Phase Systems for the Recovery of Soluble Proteins from Tannery Wastewater Using Response Surface Methodology

Selvaraj

Murty

2013

Journal of Engineering

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“…The adding of sulphated oil serves as a lubricant fibers of the skin to pull the skin becomes more resistant. The use of sulphated oil for upholstery leather is 2 -3% from wet blue or wet white weight (Thanikaivelan et al, 2005).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Glutaraldehyde Tanning Materials for Goat Skin Tanning

Rachmawati

Anggriyani

2018

BuletinPeternak

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Tanning process using free chromed material is needed to reduce toxic content in leather. The aims of this study is to increase byproducts of livestock by goat skin tanning with free chrome tanning materials. This study used glutaraldehyde as tanning materials. Goat skins were tanned become upholstery leather, and then physical quality was determined. The materials of this study were pickle goat skin. Physical testing conducted in Balai Besar Kulit, Karet dan Plastik (BBKKP) Yogyakarta. The results were analyzed descriptively using SPSS version 17.0 for Windows. Statistical analysis showed that the value of tensile strength, elongation, tear strength, sewing strength, scrub resistance of paint to dry and wet were 166.025 ± 72.315 kg/cm²; 69.910 ± 9.107%; 26.785 ± 6.031 N/cm; 115.120 ± 18.681 kg/cm; 0.775 ± 0.353; 0.775 ± 0.353 respectively. This study showed that the physical quality of upholstery leather which tanned using free chrome tanning materials have the physical qualities that met with SNI standard for leather upholstery.

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“…Prior to tanning, animal skins and hides are exposed to high enzymic processes or chemical treatments that are quite expensive (Thanikaivelan et al, 2005). A series of pre tanning processes such as dehairing and bating of raw skin and hides can be performed by using microbial enzymes to reduce costs (Macedo et al, 2005).…”

Section: Application In Leather Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential of Aspergillus species in transformation of agricultural products for sustainable production of textile and leather industries in Tanzania

Zekeya¹,

Mtambo²,

Ndaro³

et al. 2017

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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Manufacturing industries contribute about 8% of the gross domestic products (GDP) whereas leather and textile industries supply 18% employments of manufacturing industries in Tanzania. Manufacturing industries merely depend on agriculture for raw materials and other inputs. However, processing of leather and textiles requires a lot of inputs, many of them supplied from agricultural produce and some are imported from developed nations. In vast developing countries, including Tanzania, manufacturing industries are constrained by limited production technology and the allied costs than raw materials. The conventional processing of leather and textiles requires immense technological investment that is associated with high production cost. In Tanzania, inputs such as soaking, bating and tanning agents for tannery industries are expensive and sometimes not readily available due to importation costs. On the other hand, management of waste effluents from leather and textile processing is the major impediment for development of these industries. However, natural processing of covering materials by using fungal biotechnology is of great concern in Tanzania to avert the prevailing constrains. The application of fungal based biotechnology would reduce production cost and health consequences resulting from chemicals, particularly, chromium. The effects of toxic chemicals from leather and textile industries would be mitigated by employing non-viable Aspergillus biomass in the industrial processes.

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Recent Trends in Leather Making: Processes, Problems, and Pathways

Cited by 143 publications

References 49 publications

Optimization of Aqueous Two-Phase Systems for the Recovery of Soluble Proteins from Tannery Wastewater Using Response Surface Methodology

Optimization of Aqueous Two-Phase Systems for the Recovery of Soluble Proteins from Tannery Wastewater Using Response Surface Methodology

The Use of Glutaraldehyde Tanning Materials for Goat Skin Tanning

The potential of Aspergillus species in transformation of agricultural products for sustainable production of textile and leather industries in Tanzania

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