Recent trends in Helicobacter pylori management: harnessing the power of AI and other advanced approaches

Abstract

Background Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a bacterial infection that is prevalent and affects more than half of the world's population, causing stomach disorders such as gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric cancer. Main body The diagnosis of H. pylori infection relies on invasive and non-invasive techniques emerging artificial intelligence, and antibiotic therapy is available, but antibiotic resistance is a growing concern. The development of a vaccine is crucial in preventing H. pylori-associated diseases, but it faces challenges due to the bacterium's variability and immune escape mechanisms. Despite the challenges, ongoing research into H. pylori's virulence factors and immune escape mechanisms, as well as the development of potential vaccine targets, provides hope for more effective management and prevention of H. pylori-associated diseases. Recent research on H. pylori's immune escape mechanisms and novel immune checkpoint inhibitors could also lead to biomarkers for early cancer detection. Therefore, experts have suggested a combination of traditional and herbal medicine with artificial intelligence to potentially eradicate H. pylori. Short conclusion H. pylori infection remains a significant global health problem, but ongoing research into its properties and advanced technologies in addition to the combination of traditional and herbal medicine with artificial intelligence may also lead to the eradication of H. pylori-associated diseases. Graphical abstract

Helicobacter pylori: A Contemporary Perspective on Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Treatment Strategies

“…Effective diagnosis calls for the development of new diagnostic procedures, and certain novel tools have recently emerged as an interesting alternative to the currently used methods, including multiplex PCR, fecal microbiota analysis, novel point-of-care testing techniques based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and PCR detection or rapid antigen tests, confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE), endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), etc. [ 149 ]. Although such efforts and emerging technologies seem promising, certain challenges and limitations still remain, including poor patient compliance, the prevailing, intrinsic physiological conditions during treatment, bacterial resistance to antibiotics and other antimicrobials, etc., which must be carefully addressed in order to optimize the diagnosis, treatment and successful eradication of H. pylori and further eradicate the risks of complications.…”

Transforming Screening, Risk Stratification, and Treatment Optimization in Chronic Liver Disease Through Data Science and translational Innovation

“…28 Emerging evidence suggests H. pylori infection may contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) through induction of insulin resistance, inflammation, and dysbiosis of gut microbiota, but more research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms linking this common bacteria to hepatic steatosis and confirm the efficacy of H. pylori eradication for ameliorating metabolic liver injury. 29 Careful phenotypic characterization thus facilitates distinguishing these related but distinct fat-accumulation liver conditions.…”