Recent Studies on Iodine Malnutrition and Endemic Goiter

Follis, Richard H.

doi:10.1016/s0025-7125(16)33396-x

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Samples of urine were obtained from 1 out of 20 children from primary schools. The urine samples were analysed for their content of iodine (Follis 1964) and creatinine.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endemic goitre in the island of S. Miguel (the Azores)

Oliveira¹,

Gonçalves

Sobrinho

1986

Acta Endocrinologica

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A survey of endemic goitre in the island of S. Miguel (the Azores) was performed. The prevalence of goitre in school-children varied between 11 and 41%. In the most affected region, 16% of the adult males and 48% of the women had goitre, in some cases grade 3.The median urinary excretion of iodine was very low in school-children, varying between 10 and 49 \g=m\gI/g creatinine. The reasons for such a low iodine intake in the population of this oceanic island are the scarcity of fish in the diet and, possibly, the leaching of the soil of its iodine content due to high pluviosity.The Azores are situated in the Atlantic Ocean, at approximately 760 nautical miles west of the mainland Portugal. Goitre appears to be unusu¬ ally prevalent in these islands, the largest of which (S. Miguel) is a basaltic island no more than 62 km long and 16 km wide. To investigate the possibility of endemic goitre, a survey was made of the prevalence of goitre and of the urinary excretion of iodine in the student population of the primary and secondary schools in the island of S. Miguel. Materials and MethodsFrom a total primary school population of 16 647 and from a total secondary school population of 10 849, respectively, 2540 children aged 6-11 years and 1807 aged 10-17 years were studied. The thyroids were classified in the following grades according to the criteria proposed by Thilly et al. (1980): 1) grade 1 -glands with lateral lobes more voluminous than the last phalanx of the thumb, with subgrades la and lb de¬ pending on whether the palpable glands are or are not visible with the neck extended; 2) grade 2 -visible goitre; 3) grade 3 -voluminous goitre. Whenever in doubt as to the classification of the individual case, the lower grade was always employed in order to avoid overestimation of the prevalence of goitre. All the observations were carried out by the same observer (A.L.O.). For the purpose of analysis of the results, the island was divided into 14 zones accord¬ ing to the clustering of the population (Fig. 1). Samples of urine were obtained from 1 out of 20 children from primary schools. The urine samples were analysed for their content of iodine (Follis 1964) and creatinine.A nutritional survey based on the answers to a question¬ ane given to 180 families was made. The iodine content of the water from several sources from regions 4, 7 and 11 was determined. Results 1 -Prevalence ofgoitre and urinary excretion of iodine in school-children The prevalence of goitre and the urinary excre¬ tion of iodine are shown in Table 1. As can be seen, the prevalence is generally above 20% and there is no region with a prevalence lower than 10%. Region 7, the most severely affected one, is a village with a total population of 765, located by a lagoon at the bottom of a deep vulcanic crater.

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“…Samples of urine were obtained from 1 out of 20 children from primary schools. The urine samples were analysed for their content of iodine (Follis 1964) and creatinine.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endemic goitre in the island of S. Miguel (the Azores)

Oliveira¹,

Gonçalves

Sobrinho

1986

Acta Endocrinologica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The severity of iodine deficiency in a given area was assessed by determining the pattern of urinary iodide excretion (micrograms of iodine per gram of creatinine) in the population, using the criteria defined by Follis (13). Random urine samples were collected in tightly stoppered wide-mouthed polythene jars, in which toluene was added as preservative.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…La gravite de la carence iod&e d'origine sans carence iodee d'origine environnementale. Les echanenvironnementale a e evaluee, selon la classification de Follis (1964) d'apres 1'excretion urinaire d'iode dans la population. Dans deux villages ofu la carence iodee est forte et oii l'incidence de l'hypothyroidie neonatale est elevee, on a evalue les troubles neurologiques lies a la carence iod&e en prenant comme criteres la prevalence de la surdite de perception et le quotient intellectuel (QI) des ecoliers.…”

Section: Sumunclassified