Recent State-of-the-Art of Antiscalant-Driven Scale Inhibition Theory (Review)

Oshchepkov, Maxim; Rudakova, Galina; Tkachenko, Sergey; Larchenko, V. E.; Popov, Konstantin; Tusheva, Mariya

doi:10.1134/s0040601521040054

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…17,19,20 However, the rough feature�branched/ cyclic structure�is not a definite indicator for a good antiscalant because reports show that a subtle molecular structure change can bring a sharp difference in the scale inhibition effect. 18,21 Actually, the structure−activity relationship of antiscalants is complicated, requiring insights into the scale inhibition mechanisms, while the current understanding of scale inhibition mechanisms is far from satisfactory, 22,23 impeding the design of high-performance antiscalants.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mineral formation is ubiquitous in nature, industries, and daily life but sometimes highly undesirable because the deposits of low-thermal conductivity mineral scales, such as calcium carbonate, can greatly hinder heat/mass transfer, increasing energy consumption and even posing a serious threat to safety. , Therefore, how to prevent or reduce mineral scale formation is a critical issue. Typically, polymers rich in phosphoric and carboxylic groups are the two main types of conventional antiscalants because of their strong complexation with mineral ions and their adsorption to mineral scales. − Therein, poly(phosphonate) antiscalants tend to be phased out due to the contamination of phosphorus-containing wastewater to water resources. , Therefore, at the moment, poly(carboxylate) antiscalants are intensively investigated for scale inhibition performance improvement. , For example, based on modifying the structure of linear polycarboxylates, some branched and cyclic structures were found to be better in antiscaling − because the specific structure and stereochemistry might offer steric hindrance toward scaling ion combination and suitable coordination mode between the antiscalant ligand and scaling ion for antiscalants’ binding on the scale crystal plane and thus affecting scale crystal formation. ,, However, the rough featurebranched/cyclic structureis not a definite indicator for a good antiscalant because reports show that a subtle molecular structure change can bring a sharp difference in the scale inhibition effect. , Actually, the structure–activity relationship of antiscalants is complicated, requiring insights into the scale inhibition mechanisms, while the current understanding of scale inhibition mechanisms is far from satisfactory, , impeding the design of high-performance antiscalants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Graphene Oxide Inhibits Calcium Carbonate Nucleation

Bai,

Guo,

Mao

et al. 2024

Langmuir

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Formation of minerals such as calcium carbonate often causes energy consumption and even safety risk increase due to the hindrance on heat/mass transfer. However, the current antiscalants are not efficient enough because of the poor understanding of the scale inhibition mechanisms. Here, we report an ultrahigh-performance antiscalant, graphene oxide (GO), which exhibits an outstanding nucleation inhibition effect far better than the current state-of-the-art antiscalants even on a subppm dosage. Our experiments reveal that the superior nucleation inhibition effect of GO is attributed to its limiting effect on the nucleation kinetics of ions and its ability to increase the nucleation barrier of calcium carbonate by altering the normal pathway of calcium carbonate polymorph formation. Further analysis indicates that the ion-limiting effect and the polymorph control ability of GO may stem from its oxygen functional group-rich surface chemistry and two-dimensional (2D) planar features, which endow GO with a Ca 2+ binding ability and additional steric hindrance for CO 3 2− diffusion, respectively.

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Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene Oxide Inhibits Calcium Carbonate Nucleation

Bai,

Guo,

Mao

et al. 2024

Langmuir

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“…Antiscalants may negatively impact marine environments and affect fish life, coral reefs, sea-grass meadows, zooplankton, and microbial communities [5][6][7][8]. At desalination plants and facilities, restrictions implemented on brine discharge have pushed the scale-inhibitor industry to develop biodegradable and environment-friendly antiscalants [8][9][10]. Researchers consider antiscalants with 60% degradation capability within 28 days as a biodegradable material [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiscalants Used in Seawater Desalination: Biodegradability and Effects on Microbial Diversity

et al. 2022

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Antiscalants are organic polymers widely used for scale inhibition in seawater desalination. While they are susceptible to biodegradation, they provide nutrients for bacterial cell growth and energy for the microbes that assimilate and degrade them. This paper shows the biodegradability of three commercial antiscalants (polyacrylate—CA, polyphosphonate—PP, and carboxylated dendrimers—DN) applied in seawater reverse osmosis desalination (SWRO) as well as analyzing the antiscalant’s effects on microbial diversity using microbial cultures grown in seawater, under semi-continuous batch conditions. Nutritional uptake and contribution of the antiscalants to microbial growth were investigated by measuring DOC, TDN, NO3−, NO2−, PO4−, NH4+, and TP of the filtered samples of the incubated batch, twice a month, for twelve months. The microbial community was estimated by 16S rRNA sequencing. The main changes in the microbial communities were determined by the incubation period. However, bacterial orders of the antiscalant treatments differed significantly from the control treatment, namely Planctomycetales, Clostridiales, Sphingobacteriales, Rhodobacterales, and Flavobacteriales, and other unclassified bacterial orders, which were found in various relative abundances dependent on incubation times. The results showed the PP antiscalant to be the least biodegradable and to have the least effect on the bacterial community composition compared to the control. This result emphasizes the need to reassess the suitability criteria of antiscalants, and to further monitor their long-term environmental effects.

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“…Consequently, simplified models inveterately persist in applied industrial studies dictating that additives interfere by ion sequestration or growth inhibition. [33] Herein, we assess the modes by which small-molecularweight (MW) additives molecularly interact with calcium carbonate solutes, both ions and PNCs. We identify three distinct classes of molecular interaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These unresolved issues betoken our current lack of a deeper, molecular‐level understanding. Consequently, simplified models inveterately persist in applied industrial studies dictating that additives interfere by ion sequestration or growth inhibition [33] …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small‐Molecular‐Weight Additives Modulate Calcification by Interacting with Prenucleation Clusters on the Molecular Level**

et al. 2022

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Small-molecular-weight (MW) additives can strongly impact amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC), playing an elusive role in biogenic, geologic, and industrial calcification. Here, we present molecular mechanisms by which these additives regulate stability and composition of both CaCO 3 solutions and solid ACC. Potent antiscalants inhibit ACC precipitation by interacting with prenucleation clusters (PNCs); they specifically trigger and integrate into PNCs or feed PNC growth actively. Only PNC-interacting additives are traceable in ACC, considerably stabilizing it against crystallization. The selective incorporation of potent additives in PNCs is a reliable chemical label that provides conclusive chemical evidence that ACC is a molecular PNC-derived precipitate. Our results reveal additive-cluster interactions beyond established mechanistic conceptions. They reassess the role of small-MW molecules in crystallization and biomineralization while breaking grounds for new sustainable antiscalants.

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Recent State-of-the-Art of Antiscalant-Driven Scale Inhibition Theory (Review)

Cited by 13 publications

References 46 publications

Graphene Oxide Inhibits Calcium Carbonate Nucleation

Graphene Oxide Inhibits Calcium Carbonate Nucleation

Antiscalants Used in Seawater Desalination: Biodegradability and Effects on Microbial Diversity

Small‐Molecular‐Weight Additives Modulate Calcification by Interacting with Prenucleation Clusters on the Molecular Level**

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