Recent Review on Subclass B1 Metallo-β-lactamases Inhibitors: Sword for Antimicrobial Resistance

Abstract

An emerging crisis of antibiotic resistance for microbial pathogens is alarming all the nations, posing a global threat to human health. The production of the metallo-β-lactamase enzyme is the most powerful strategy of bacteria to produce resistance. An efficient way to combat this global health threat is the development of broad/non-specific type of metallo-β-lactamase inhibitors, which can inhibit the different isoforms of the enzyme. Till date, there are no clinically active drugs against metallo- β-lactamase. The lack of efficient drug molecules against MBLs carrying bacteria requires continuous research efforts to overcome the problem of multidrug-resistance bacteria. The present review will discuss the clinically potent molecules against different variants of B1 metallo-β-lactamase.

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“…On the other hand, class B enzymes were known as metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) which were more virulent enzymes because of their activity against most penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems [ 9 ]. MBLs were further classified into three subclasses (B1, B2, and B3), and the enzymes of the B1 subclass (including IMP-1, VIM-2, and NDM-1) have emerged as the most clinically significant subclass [ 10 ]. New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM-1) raises major concerns because of its ability to hydrolyze and inactivate almost all the β-lactam antibiotics [ 10 , 11 ].…”

“…MBLs were further classified into three subclasses (B1, B2, and B3), and the enzymes of the B1 subclass (including IMP-1, VIM-2, and NDM-1) have emerged as the most clinically significant subclass [ 10 ]. New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM-1) raises major concerns because of its ability to hydrolyze and inactivate almost all the β-lactam antibiotics [ 10 , 11 ]. Kp can develop extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), metallo-β-lactamase, or even carbapenemase activity that limits the treatment options [ 1 ].…”