Recent review on electron transport layers in perovskite solar cells

Foo, Shini; Thambidurai, M.; Kumar, Ponnusamy Senthil; Yuvakkumar, R.; Huang, Yizhong; Dang, Cuong

doi:10.1002/er.7958

Cited by 34 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 81 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Figure S3 (Supporting Information) shows X-ray diffraction spectra, confirming a significant phase transition from room temperature (nonperovskite phase, low T) to high temperature (perovskite phase, high T). At low temperature, MAPbI 3 -based thermochromic perovskite converts to MA 4 PbI 6 •2H 2 O due to its hydrophilic nature that readily absorbs water, [42,43] as hydrated MA 4 PbI 6 •2H 2 O desorbs water and transforms to cubic phase of MAPbI 3 at high temperature. [44] These two phases can be reversibly switched in response to ambient temperature as illustrated in Figure 5a.…”

Section: Wwwadvopticalmatdementioning

confidence: 99%

Smart Window Structures Based on Highly Conductive, Transparent Metal Nanomeshes and Thermochromic Perovskite Films

Cossio

Braun

et al. 2023

Advanced Optical Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Low resistance and high transparency of TCEs are two essential prerequisites for a variety of applications, including the fabrication of smart windows. [8] Among various TCEs, highly transparent and conductive indium tin oxide (ITO) is most commonly employed; however, its highly brittle nature hinders its application in flexible electronics and the scarcity of indium results in high material cost. [9] The bending strain tolerance and mechanical flexibility of ITO/elastomeric substrates are inadequate because of the brittle nature of ITO, which renders flexible ITO substrates impractical for real-life stretchable, foldable, or bendable optoelectronics applications. [10] In addition, the relatively low thermal conductivity of ITO leads to longer response times for devices reliant on thermally activated transitions, such as thermochromic smart windows. Extensive research has therefore been devoted to ITO alternatives including carbon-based TCEs such as graphene, [11] carbon nanotubes, [12] or conducting polymers, [13] and metal-based TCEs such as metal nanowires [14] or metal meshes. [15] Among these ITO alternatives, metal meshes, which are composed of periodic micro-or nanostructured metal networks on a transparent substrate, have gained considerable attention as high performance TCEs offering several advantages, including excellent mechanical flexibility, high conductivity, tunable transmittance, and low fabrication cost. [16,17] The current fabrication methods for these metal mesh films often involve low throughput, smallscale fabrication techniques such as e-beam lithography, nanoimprint lithography, photolithography, and laser writing, which are generally time-consuming and require substantial capital investment. Therefore, the nanosphere lithography method which involves a scalable, high throughput fabrication process of metal mesh films was introduced. [18] Nanosphere lithography (NSL) enables rapid, low-cost fabrication of deep submicron metal nanomesh (NM) patterns via the self-assembled formation of a hexagonal close packed monolayer of spherical particles which serves as a patterning mask. It provides a scalable and high throughput lithography process which can be implemented for both rigid and flexible substrates. [19] Moreover, NSL enables precise control over the

show abstract

Section: Wwwadvopticalmatdementioning

confidence: 99%

Smart Window Structures Based on Highly Conductive, Transparent Metal Nanomeshes and Thermochromic Perovskite Films

Cossio

Braun

et al. 2023

Advanced Optical Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In particular, desirable ETL properties include high optical transmittance, suitable energy level alignment, chemical and thermal stability, high electron mobility and processability. Consequently, both inorganic and organic materials such as TiO 2 , SnO 2 , ZnO, WO 3 , fullerene and its derivatives have been studied as ETL for MHP‐SCs 8‐19 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, both inorganic and organic materials such as TiO 2 , SnO 2 , ZnO, WO 3 , fullerene and its derivatives have been studied as ETL for MHP-SCs. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Seok Yeong Hong and Hyong Joon Lee contributed equally to this work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acetylacetone modulated TiO ₂ nanoparticles for low‐temperature solution processable perovskite solar cell

Hong

Lee

Park

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

TiO 2 has been widely adopted as an electron transport layer during the fabrication of efficient metal halide perovskite solar cells (MHP-SCs). In this study, we prepared acetylacetone (Acac)-modulated TiO 2 nanoparticles (NPs) suitable for low-temperature solution processing via the sol-gel method. Acac coordinates with TiO 2 NPs and preferably passivates surface trap states which are detrimental to photovoltaic performance. Moreover, the Acac-TiO 2 NPs establish a favorable band alignment for charge extraction by donating the lone pair electron. As a result, Acac-TiO 2 NPs based MHP-SCs exhibit an outstanding power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.20% attributed to facilitated charge extraction and reduced defect density. Furthermore, by implementing lowtemperature solution-processable Acac-TiO 2 NPs, we successfully demonstrated a remarkable PCE of 18.01% along with excellent mechanical stability, retaining 74.5% and 67.1% PCE after 5000 bending cycles in outward and inward directions from Acac-TiO 2 NPs based MHP-SCs on a flexible substrate.

show abstract

“…

Compared to the traditional silicon based solar cells, the main advantages of PSCs include tunable bandgaps, low cost, and ease of processing. The two most common device structures for PSCs are conventional and inverted, n-i-p and p-i-n, respectively, where "i" stands for the perovskite active layer and "p" and "n" for hole and electron transport layers (ETLs).ETLs play a critical role in determining the overall performance of PSCs; [11,12] PSCs without ETLs exhibit inferior performance. [13,14] The major roles of such ETLs include efficient extraction of electrons from the perovskite light absorber; efficient electron transfer to the electrode, and hole blocking for reduced charge recombination.

…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ETLs play a critical role in determining the overall performance of PSCs; [11,12] PSCs without ETLs exhibit inferior performance. [13,14] The major roles of such ETLs include efficient extraction of electrons from the perovskite light absorber; efficient electron transfer to the electrode, and hole blocking for reduced charge recombination.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enantiomerically Pure Fullerenes as a Means to Enhance the Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells

Shi

Zhuang

Zhou

et al. 2023

Advanced Energy Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The rapidly advancing improvements in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are driven, in part, by the inclusion of suitable electron transport layers (ETLs) in high performance devices. Fullerene derivatives are particularly useful ETLs in PSCs, but many of the utilized fullerenes are present as isomeric mixtures. The opportunities presented by single‐isomer, single‐enantiomer fullerenes in PSCs are poorly understood. Here, inverted PSCs are prepared using bis[60]phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester derivative (anti)16,17‐bis[60]PCBM, comparing the performance of enantiomerically pure material to the corresponding racemate. The single enantiomer devices are found to have an improved performance, giving a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.2%, compared to 20.1% PCE for the racemate. It is also shown that enantiomerically pure PSC modules can be prepared with a state‐of‐the‐art PCE of 20.1%. Such excellent performance for the single enantiomer devices is accompanied by enhanced operational stability. This study thus provides strong evidence that single isomer ETLs can provide important improvements in PSC performance and it positions chiral fullerenes as an exciting material class moving forward.

show abstract

Recent review on electron transport layers in perovskite solar cells

Cited by 34 publications

References 81 publications

Smart Window Structures Based on Highly Conductive, Transparent Metal Nanomeshes and Thermochromic Perovskite Films

Smart Window Structures Based on Highly Conductive, Transparent Metal Nanomeshes and Thermochromic Perovskite Films

Acetylacetone modulated TiO ₂ nanoparticles for low‐temperature solution processable perovskite solar cell

Enantiomerically Pure Fullerenes as a Means to Enhance the Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Recent review on electron transport layers in perovskite solar cells

Cited by 34 publications

References 81 publications

Smart Window Structures Based on Highly Conductive, Transparent Metal Nanomeshes and Thermochromic Perovskite Films

Smart Window Structures Based on Highly Conductive, Transparent Metal Nanomeshes and Thermochromic Perovskite Films

Acetylacetone modulated TiO 2 nanoparticles for low‐temperature solution processable perovskite solar cell

Enantiomerically Pure Fullerenes as a Means to Enhance the Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Acetylacetone modulated TiO ₂ nanoparticles for low‐temperature solution processable perovskite solar cell