Abstract:Hairiness is an important quality parameter of spun yarns. It not only affects the quality of yarns, but also the weaving and knitting performance of yarns as well as the quality of the resultant fabrics. Various developments regarding yarn hairiness have been reported in the last decade. These cover aspects such as hairiness measurement, modeling, simulation, spinning modifications and post spinning treatments to reduce hairiness. This study is an attempt to critically review all significant recent developmen… Show more
“…Yarns are mainly arranged in two structures: woven fabrics produced by interlacing two sets of yarns, the warp which runs in a lengthways direction and the weft which runs in a widthways direction and knitted fabrics produced by interlacing loops of yarn 20 . Moreover, the hairiness is defined as the presence of small fibres that protrude from the main yarn core 21 .Figure 1Pictures and optical micrographs of selected garments: ( a ) BT, a 100% polyester t-shirt, ( b ) plane surface and ( c ) yarn of BT; ( d ) RT, a 100% polyester t-shirt, ( e ) plane surface and ( f ) yarn of RT; ( g ) GB, 100% polyester blouse of which 65% is recycled polyester, ( h ) plane surface, ( i ) warp and ( l ) weft yarns of GB; ( m ) GT, a top whose front is made of 100% polyester and whose back is made of a blend of 50% cotton and 50% modal ( n ) plane surface, ( o ) warp and ( p ) weft yarns of GT front polyester part, ( q ) plane surface and ( r ) yarn of GT back modal/cotton part.…”
Microplastic pollution caused by washing processes of synthetic textiles has recently been assessed as the main source of primary microplastics in the oceans. Therefore, understanding the effective contribution of the washing process of synthetic clothes to this environmental problem, is of great importance. In this study, wash trials at real scale were performed on commercial clothes by using a household washing machine in order to gain reliable data about the release of microplastics, and to identify possible influences of textile characteristics on the release. The wastewater was collected and filtered through subsequent filters with decreasing porosity, and the amount and dimensions of microfibres were determined. Microfibre release was analysed in relation to the nature and characteristics of the washed clothes. Results showed that microfibres released during washing range from 124 to 308 mg for kg of washed fabric depending from the type of washed garment that corresponds to a number of microfibres ranging from 640,000 to 1,500,000. Some textile characteristics, such as the type of fibres constituting the yarns and their twist, influenced the release of microfibres during washing. A great amount of microfibres of cellulosic nature was also released during washing of clothes made with a blend of polyester/cellulose. Finally the most abundant fraction of microfibres shed was retained by filters with pore size of 60 µm, presenting an average length of 360–660 μm and an average diameter of 12–16 μm, indicating dimensions that could pass through wastewater treatment plants and pose a threat for marine organisms.
“…Yarns are mainly arranged in two structures: woven fabrics produced by interlacing two sets of yarns, the warp which runs in a lengthways direction and the weft which runs in a widthways direction and knitted fabrics produced by interlacing loops of yarn 20 . Moreover, the hairiness is defined as the presence of small fibres that protrude from the main yarn core 21 .Figure 1Pictures and optical micrographs of selected garments: ( a ) BT, a 100% polyester t-shirt, ( b ) plane surface and ( c ) yarn of BT; ( d ) RT, a 100% polyester t-shirt, ( e ) plane surface and ( f ) yarn of RT; ( g ) GB, 100% polyester blouse of which 65% is recycled polyester, ( h ) plane surface, ( i ) warp and ( l ) weft yarns of GB; ( m ) GT, a top whose front is made of 100% polyester and whose back is made of a blend of 50% cotton and 50% modal ( n ) plane surface, ( o ) warp and ( p ) weft yarns of GT front polyester part, ( q ) plane surface and ( r ) yarn of GT back modal/cotton part.…”
Microplastic pollution caused by washing processes of synthetic textiles has recently been assessed as the main source of primary microplastics in the oceans. Therefore, understanding the effective contribution of the washing process of synthetic clothes to this environmental problem, is of great importance. In this study, wash trials at real scale were performed on commercial clothes by using a household washing machine in order to gain reliable data about the release of microplastics, and to identify possible influences of textile characteristics on the release. The wastewater was collected and filtered through subsequent filters with decreasing porosity, and the amount and dimensions of microfibres were determined. Microfibre release was analysed in relation to the nature and characteristics of the washed clothes. Results showed that microfibres released during washing range from 124 to 308 mg for kg of washed fabric depending from the type of washed garment that corresponds to a number of microfibres ranging from 640,000 to 1,500,000. Some textile characteristics, such as the type of fibres constituting the yarns and their twist, influenced the release of microfibres during washing. A great amount of microfibres of cellulosic nature was also released during washing of clothes made with a blend of polyester/cellulose. Finally the most abundant fraction of microfibres shed was retained by filters with pore size of 60 µm, presenting an average length of 360–660 μm and an average diameter of 12–16 μm, indicating dimensions that could pass through wastewater treatment plants and pose a threat for marine organisms.
“…Premier Tester works through a light source incident on the yarn core, and the amount of light scattered by the protruding fibers is used to work out a Hairiness Index (H) value for the yarn. The H value corresponds to the total length of protruding fibers in centimeters within the measurement field of 1 cm length of the yarn [19]. In figure 6, the average Hairiness Index values of yarn samples were shown.…”
Ring spinning is the most common method used among the short staple fibers spinning methods. Due to limitations of
the production speed in the ring spinning, new spinning methods become more popular with each passing day. Air-jet
spinning systems gathered attention with their market share in the new spinning methods. In this study, the properties
of the air-jet yarns were comparatively analyzed with the properties of the equivalent Ring yarns, for both single and
ply-twisted forms. It was found that the Rieter and Murata air-jet yarns do not show significant differences in terms of
physical properties of yarns. Due to their special structure, air-jet yarns show lower hairiness and tenacity values when
compared to the equivalent Ring yarns.
“…The performance of the woven or the knitted fabric are greatly affected by these factors [10]. Hairiness can cause problems within machine stoppages and breakage during spinning, since it makes a weak point in the yarn.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Hairiness can cause problems within machine stoppages and breakage during spinning, since it makes a weak point in the yarn. It can also affect the appearance, the pilling, and the handling of the fabric [10,11]. It also reduced the dye uptake of the fabric during dyeing [12].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It also reduced the dye uptake of the fabric during dyeing [12]. This makes yarn hairiness a point of interest for researchers who aim to produce better quality yarn and fabric [10]. The imperfection index (50% thick, 50% thin, and 200% nep) values, the uniformity of mass, the tensile strength, and the elongation of the yarn are important factors determining its quality and usage in the subsequent process [13].…”
Abstract. The hardness of the rubber cot is one of the most important factors that influences the properties of spun cotton yarn. Four different 100% coarse count cotton yarns (Ne 10/1, Ne 12/1, Ne 14/1, and Ne 16/1) were spun with various front roller rubber cot hardness from 65°, 68°, 70°, 75°, and 83°shore hardness with constant back cot roller shore hardness. Cotton yarn properties were investigated, including mass uniformity, imperfection level, unevenness, hairiness, tensile strength, and elongation. The results showed that as the shore hardness increased, the unevenness of mass and imperfection index of the yarns proportionally increased. It does not apparently influence the yarns' hairiness, tensile strength, or elongation properties.
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