Recent research and development status of laser cladding: A review

Zhu, Lida; Xue, Pengsheng; Lan, Qing; Meng, Guiru; Ren, Yongxiong; Yang, Zhichao; Xu, Peihua; Liu, Zhe

doi:10.1016/j.optlastec.2021.106915

Cited by 432 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 223 publications

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“…In recent years, laser cladding has been increasingly used in additive manufacturing as a green manufacturing technology; the equipment, technology, materials, and industrial applications of laser cladding are all involved [ 1 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Laser Cladding of Fe-Based Alloy Coatings in Different Areas of Cladding Layer

et al. 2021

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In this study, laser cladding technology was used to prepare Fe-based alloy coating on a 27SiMn hydraulic support, and a turning treatment was used to obtain samples of the upper and middle regions of the cladding layer. The influence of microstructure, phase composition, hardness, and wear resistance in different areas of the cladding layer was studied through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), friction and wear tests, and microhardness. The results show that the bcc phase content in the upper region of the cladding layer is less than that in the middle region of the cladding layer, and the upper region of the cladding layer contains more metal compounds. The hardness of the middle region of the cladding layer is higher than that of the upper region of the cladding layer. At the same time, the main wear mechanism of the upper region of the cladding layer is adhesive wear and abrasive wear. The wear mechanism of the middle region of the cladding layer is mainly abrasive wear, with better wear resistance than the upper region of the cladding layer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Laser Cladding of Fe-Based Alloy Coatings in Different Areas of Cladding Layer

et al. 2021

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“…Laser processing, which is a newly developed technique, offers many attractive advantages over conventional coating techniques [ 12 ]. The direct energy deposition (DED) process is a new rapid manufacturing technology that can build fully dense metal components directly from a selected powder [ 13 ]. It involves using the concentrated energy of lasers with material interaction to re-engineer a metallic surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Surface Modification of TC21 (α/β) Titanium Alloy Using a Direct Energy Deposition (DED) Process

et al. 2021

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The TC21 alloy (Ti-6Al-3Mo-1.9Nb-2.2Sn-2.2Zr-1.5Cr) is considered a new titanium alloy that replaced the commercial Ti-6Al-4V alloy in aerospace applications due to its higher operating temperatures. Recently, direct energy deposition was usually applied to enhance the hardness, tribological properties, and corrosion resistance for many alloys. Consequently, this study was performed by utilizing direct energy deposition (DED) on TC21 (α/β) titanium alloy to improve their mechanical properties by depositing a mixture powder of stellite-6 (Co-based alloy) and tungsten carbides particles (WC). Different WC percentages were applied to the surfaces of TC21 using a 4 kW continuous-wave fiber-coupled diode laser at a constant powder feeding rate. This study aimed to obtain a uniform distribution of hard surfaces containing undissolved WC particles that were dispersed in a Co-based alloy matrix to enhance the wear resistance of such alloys. Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), and X-ray diffractometry (XRD) were used to characterize the deposited layers. New constituents and intermetallic compounds were found in the deposited layers. The microhardness was measured for all deposited layers and wear resistance was evaluated at room temperature using a dry sliding ball during a disk abrasion test. The results showed that the microstructure of the deposited layer consisted of a hypereutectic structure and undissolved tungsten carbide dispersed in the matrix of the Co-based alloy that depended on the WC weight fraction. The microhardness values increased with increasing WC weight fraction in the deposited powder by more than threefold as compared with the as-cast samples. A notable enhancement of wear resistance of the deposited layers was thus achieved.

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“…Complete equiaxed grain morphology appears at the top of the cladding layer, mainly because the temperature gradient at the top of the cladding layer decreases. Observation of longitudinal section microstructure of cladding layer [30] is shown in Figure 17. Figure 17a is the cross section of the cladding layer, it can be found that the junction between the cladding layers shows the morphology of the middle bulge, and with the increase of the cladding layer, the height of the middle bulge increases, which leads to the decrease of the flow of the liquid molten pool to both sides, so as to ensure the thickness of the formed part is consistent.…”

Section: Microstructure Analysis Of Cladding Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cooling Method on Formability of Laser Cladding IN718 Alloy

Yang

Xu-dong

et al. 2021

Materials

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The finite element model (FE) of temperature field of straight thin-walled samples in laser cladding IN718 was established, and the growth of microstructure was simulated by cellular automata (CA) method through macro-micro coupling (CA-FE). The effects of different cooling conditions on microstructure, hardness, and properties of laser-cladding layer were studied by designing cooling device. The results show that the simulation results are in good agreement with the microstructure of the cladding layer observed by the experiment. With the scanning strategy of reducing laser power layer-by-layer, the addition of water cooling device and the processing condition of 0.7 mm Z-axis lift, excellent thin-walled parts can be obtained. With the increase of cladding layers, the pool volume increases, the temperature value increases, the temperature gradient, cooling rate, solidification rate, K value gradually decrease, and eventually tend to be stable, in addition, the hardness shows a fluctuating downward trend. Under the processing conditions of layer-by-layer power reduction and water cooling device, the primary dendrite arm spacing reduced to about 8.3 μm, and the average hardness at the bottom of cladding layer increased from 260 HV to 288 HV. The yield strength and tensile strength of the tensile parts prepared under forced water cooling increased to a certain extent, while the elongation slightly decreased.

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Recent research and development status of laser cladding: A review

Cited by 432 publications

References 223 publications

Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Laser Cladding of Fe-Based Alloy Coatings in Different Areas of Cladding Layer

Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Laser Cladding of Fe-Based Alloy Coatings in Different Areas of Cladding Layer

Laser Surface Modification of TC21 (α/β) Titanium Alloy Using a Direct Energy Deposition (DED) Process

Effect of Cooling Method on Formability of Laser Cladding IN718 Alloy

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