Recent research and development of local anesthetic-loaded microspheres

Abstract

<p>This review introduces the recent research and development in local anesthetic-loaded microsphere, as efficient microspheres formulation, the efficient microspheres: optimum preparation method, high loading efficiency, and ideal release rate.</p>

Injectable Microfluidic Hydrogel Microspheres for Cell and Drug Delivery

“…For instance, to reduce the negative effects of repeated injections, there have been many microsphere drug delivery systems that were able to slow the release of drugs, increase their therapeutic effect, and increase patient compliance. [ 45,81 ] These biodegradable microsphere‐drug formulations increase the tolerability, therapeutic index, specificity, and efficacy of various drugs, and they also reduce the risks of toxicity, as well as patient expenses. A considerable number of studies have shown that microfluidic hydrogel microspheres have great application prospects in the medical field.…”

Droplet breakup mechanisms in premix membrane emulsification and related microfluidic channels

“…Moreover, for a constant energy input, there is usually a linear relation between final droplet size and membrane pore size, i.e., = [11]. In the preparation of microemulsions, << 0.5 even at low pressures due to self-emulsification, while in case of nanoemulsions and macroemulsions, is typically around 0.7-1.5 [83][84][85]. Nevertheless, < 0.5 is still achievable for nanoemulsions but under specific conditions (i.e., high and suitable membrane properties), as can be seen from the data presented in Table A.1.…”

Dual Biosignal‐Functional Injectable Microspheres for Remodeling Osteogenic Microenvironment

“…[19] Microfluidic technology utilizes coaxial ring tube microchannels to prepare monodisperse PLLA droplets, obtaining overall porous and homogeneous microspheres. [20,21] Porous 3D spheres could provide osteoblasts with "physical signals" for proliferation and differentiation when cultured in the microspheres. Besides, the micro-nano porous structure of microspheres can imitate the hierarchical structure of human bone, which promotes the recruitment of endogenous proteins and growth factors to the surface of the materials to form a protein corona, stimulating the interaction between them and secretion of functional factors.…”