Recent Reports of Wi-Fi and Mobile Phone-Induced Radiation on Oxidative Stress and Reproductive Signaling Pathways in Females and Males

Abstract

Environmental exposure to electromagnetic radiation (EMR) has been increasing with the increasing demand for communication devices. The aim of the study was to discuss the mechanisms and risk factors of EMR changes on reproductive functions and membrane oxidative biology in females and males. It was reported that even chronic exposure to EMR did not increase the risk of reproductive functions such as increased levels of neoantigens abort. However, the results of some studies indicate that EMR induced endometriosis and inflammation and decreased the number of follicles in the ovarium or uterus of rats. In studies with male rats, exposure caused degeneration in the seminiferous tubules, reduction in the number of Leydig cells and testosterone production as well as increases in luteinizing hormone levels and apoptotic cells. In some cases of male and female infertility, increased levels of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation and decreased values of antioxidants such as melatonin, vitamin E and glutathione peroxidase were reported in animals exposed to EMR. In conclusion, the results of current studies indicate that oxidative stress from exposure to Wi-Fi and mobile phone-induced EMR is a significant mechanism affecting female and male reproductive systems. However, there is no evidence to this date to support an increased risk of female and male infertility related to EMR exposure.

The thermal effect of 2.45 GHz microwave radiation on rat testes

“…Liu et al (2013) determined in a modified comet assay that radiofrequency EMR has insufficient energy for the direct induction of DNA strand breaks, however, it produces genotoxicity through oxidative DNA damage in the male germ cells. These findings are further supported by Al Damegh (2012), Meena et al (2013), Naziroglu et al (2013) and Jelodar et al (2014), who evaluated various stress-related indices (e.g. catalase and lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme activity, glutathione and glutathione peroxidase levels, ROS -reactive oxygen species, and others) in testicular tissue and concluded that MW radiation induced oxidative stress with subsequent DNA damage of testicular cells.…”

“…The deleterious effect of microwave radiation on the reproductive functions has been the subject of frequent discussions because modern devices such as mobile phones or laptop computers are often held in close proximity of the reproductive organs (Al Damegh 2012; Kesari et al 2013;Naziroglu et al 2013). The testes of most mammals including humans are superficially located and require slightly lower temperature for their optimal function.…”

Intraoral electric potential <i>via</i> oral bacterial power generation —A novel mechanism of biofilm formation

“…These electric potentials influence the electric charge of the human body 28) . Given that smartphone-induced IoP/ BsP was observed with high correlation with IoP and BsP, smartphone use could be an external factor in IoP/BsP elevation as well as the global electric circuit via direct and/or indirect processes 29) . Even if the influence of these external factors on IoP and BsP is small, they should exert some influence on IoP and BsP in participants without earthing to the ground.…”

The effects of agomelatine and melatonin on ECoG activity of absenceepilepsy model in WAG/Rij rats

“…Generation of absence seizures is thought to be associated with excessive thalamic oscillations, due to abnormal intrinsic neuronal properties under the control of an inhibitory GABAergic mechanism (Steriade et al, 1993;Manning et al, 2003;Kovacs et al, 2015). On the other hand, melatonin shows anticonvulsant activity due to its antioxidant, antiexcitotoxic, and free radical-scavenging properties in various experimental epilepsy models and human studies (Floreani et al, 1999;Srivastava et al, 2002;Gupta et al, 2004;Lima et al, 2011;Nazıroğlu et al, 2013;Yürüker et al, 2015). However, absence seizures do not cause serious excitotoxic damages as seen in convulsive seizures, because of less free radical generation.…”