Recent rates of carbon and nitrogen accumulation in peatlands of Isla Grande de Chiloé-Chile

León, Carolina A.; Oliván, Gisela

doi:10.1186/s40693-014-0026-y

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The soil profile densities observed are lower than those found in the literature referring to natural peatlands (Domenico andDelicato 1996, Raviv et al 2002). The values found in this investigation (0.01-0.11 g cm À3 ), however, agree with those of León and Oliván (2014), who reported densities between 0.01 and 0.065 g cm À3 in the same study area. These low values may be due to the recent formation of the ecosystem.…”

Section: Carbon Stocks and Effects Of Managementsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…These areas have many names, including ''secondary peatlands'' (Díaz and Silva 2012) and the local term pomponales. For the purposes of this study, the term ''anthropogenic peatlands'' will be used, as in previous studies (Díaz et al 2008, León and Oliván 2014. A similar situation has occurred in New Zealand, where logged or burned areas have been colonized by Sphagnum species (Whinam et al 2003), forming an ecosystem that can be called ''induced Pakihi,'' due to the similarity with a local ecosystem; unfortunately, most of the work in these ecosystems is in unpublished reports (R. Buxton, personal communication).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given the recent nature of their formation, these peatlands do not have large accumulations of peat and their plant composition differs considerably from natural peatlands (Díaz et al 2008). These ecosystems have recorded recent C accumulation rates higher than those of peatlands of glacial origin because anthropogenic peatlands, being newer ecosystems, are more active (León and Oliván 2014). Also, these types of peatlands have a great capacity to retain water (Iturraspe and Roig 2000), which makes them important water reservoirs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of impacts of management in an anthropogenic peatland using field and remote sensing data

et al. 2015

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Artículo de publicación ISIPeatlands are a type of wetland characterized by the accumulation of organic matter, called peat, and are important carbon reservoirs. In areas with poor drainage, human-induced forest fires and logging can produce flooded conditions and organic matter accumulation, which generates an ecosystem called anthropogenic peatland. Productive management activities such as Sphagnum moss harvesting and livestock grazing take place there. Our hypothesis was that productive management has a strong impact on the aboveground C reservoir and increases the presence of exotic species. We established 44 sampling points in a 16-ha anthropogenic peatland on Chiloe Island, Chile, comparing productive and conservation types of managements. Carbon stocks, vegetation structure and composition variables were quantified. These variables were used to classify the ecosystem into microsites to analyze the different locations in the peatland. In addition, predictive models of aboveground carbon were created using Landsat 8 OLI and Pleiades images. The results revealed a carbon stock of 11.99 +/- 0.77 kg C m(-2), which is smaller than in natural peatlands, and showed a wide variability of conditions within the peatland itself. This variability, mainly expressed in aboveground carbon, produces microsites dominated by either shrubs, species of the genus Juncus or grasses. Productive management reduced accumulated carbon in the aboveground stock and in the woody debris. However, the strongest impact was found on the vegetation variables, with a decrease in total cover, cover of shrubs and herbaceous plants, and in vegetation height. There was also an increase in the richness and presence of exotic species. The spatial prediction of aboveground carbon yielded significant results using only spectral indices, showing also that the impact of productive management is not homogenous, being less intense in waterlogged areas. This study is the first to quantify carbon reservoirs in this type of ecosystem and to propose variables that can be used as indicators of the impact of human activities.FONDECYT 113093

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Section: Carbon Stocks and Effects Of Managementsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of impacts of management in an anthropogenic peatland using field and remote sensing data

et al. 2015

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“…The carbon storage in peatlands accounts for about one third of the total global soil carbon pool ( Wilson et al, 2016 ). It is generally thought that the intensity of carbon sinks in peatlands is higher than that in other terrestrial ecosystems due to primary production exceeding decomposition and other losses ( León and Oliván, 2014 ). However, the carbon sink function of peatlands can be substantially altered due to climate warming, land-use change, and other human disturbances ( Ward et al, 2012 ; Lupascu et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Controls on Multi-Scale Dynamics of Net Carbon Dioxide Exchange From an Alpine Peatland on the Eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

et al. 2022

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Peatlands are characterized by their large carbon storage capacity and play an essential role in the global carbon cycle. However, the future of the carbon stored in peatland ecosystems under a changing climate remains unclear. In this study, based on the eddy covariance technique, we investigated the net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) and its controlling factors of the Hongyuan peatland, which is a part of the Ruoergai peatland on the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). Our results show that the Hongyuan alpine peatland was a CO2 sink with an annual NEE of −226.61 and −185.35 g C m–2 in 2014 and 2015, respectively. While, the non-growing season NEE was 53.35 and 75.08 g C m–2 in 2014 and 2015, suggesting that non-growing seasons carbon emissions should not be neglected. Clear diurnal variation in NEE was observed during the observation period, with the maximum CO2 uptake appearing at 12:30 (Beijing time, UTC+8). The Q10 value of the non-growing season in 2014 and 2015 was significantly higher than that in the growing season, which suggested that the CO2 flux in the non-growing season was more sensitive to warming than that in the growing season. We investigated the multi-scale temporal variations in NEE during the growing season using wavelet analysis. On daily timescales, photosynthetically active radiation was the primary driver of NEE. Seasonal variation in NEE was mainly driven by soil temperature. The amount of precipitation was more responsible for annual variation of NEE. The increasing number of precipitation event was associated with increasing annual carbon uptake. This study highlights the need for continuous eddy covariance measurements and time series analysis approaches to deepen our understanding of the temporal variability in NEE and multi-scale correlation between NEE and environmental factors.

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“…Despite a growing number of such empirical studies, it remains difficult to predict whether the recently accumulated peat at any given site will lead to an enhanced or weakened C sink capacity. Indeed, while numerous studies have analyzed millennial‐scale C accumulation trends in peatlands (e.g., Beilman, Macdonald, Smith, & Reimer, 2009; Jones & Yu, 2010; Yu, Vitt, Campbell, & Apps, 2003), relatively few have focused on the short‐term processes (León & Oliván, 2014; Piilo et al., 2019; Turunen, Roulet, Moore, & Richard, 2004). This is because young peat, which exists near the surface in unsaturated conditions (the acrotelm), has undergone partial aerobic decomposition and has a greater “apparent” rate of C accumulation than old peat, which sits below the acrotelm in the permanently saturated portion of the peat profile (the catotelm) and is subject to long‐term, slow anaerobic decomposition (Blodau & Moore, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon storage dynamics in peatlands: Comparing recent‐ and long‐term accumulation histories in southern Patagonia

Bunsen

Loisel

2020

Global Change Biology

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Peatlands have been important terrestrial carbon (C) reservoirs throughout the Holocene, yet whether these ecosystems will become stronger or weaker C sinks in the future remains debated. While surface peat layers (acrotelm) have a greater apparent rate of C accumulation than deeper, millennial‐aged peat (catotelm), it is difficult to project how much more aerobic decomposition will take place before the younger surface cohorts join the older deeper ones. Studies have suggested that warming could lead to weakened C accumulation in peatlands due to enhanced aerobic decay in the acrotelm, which would lead to a slower transfer of peat into the catotelm, if any. Conversely, other studies have suggested increased C accumulation in the acrotelm and thus, larger long‐term C transfer into the catotelm under warming conditions because of greater plant productivity and faster peat accumulation. Improving our predictions about the rate of present and future peatland development is important to forecast feedbacks on the global C cycle and help inform land management decisions. In this study, we analyzed two peat cores from southern Patagonia to calculate their long‐ versus short‐peat C accumulation rates. The acrotelm rates were compared to the catotelm peat C legacies using an empirical modeling approach that allows calculating the future catotelm peat storage based on today's acrotelm characteristics, and thus predict if those recent rates of C accumulation will lead to greater or weaker long‐term C storage in the future. Our results indicate that, depending on local bioclimatic parameters, some peatlands may become stronger C sinks in the future, while others may become weaker. In the case of this study, the wetter site is expected to increase its C sink capacity, while our prediction for the drier site is a net decrease in C sequestration in the coming decades to centuries.

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Recent rates of carbon and nitrogen accumulation in peatlands of Isla Grande de Chiloé-Chile

Cited by 16 publications

References 29 publications

Evaluation of impacts of management in an anthropogenic peatland using field and remote sensing data

Evaluation of impacts of management in an anthropogenic peatland using field and remote sensing data

Environmental Controls on Multi-Scale Dynamics of Net Carbon Dioxide Exchange From an Alpine Peatland on the Eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Carbon storage dynamics in peatlands: Comparing recent‐ and long‐term accumulation histories in southern Patagonia

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