Recent progress on the use of graphene-based nanomaterials in perovskite solar cells

Abstract

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are one of the most environmentally renewable technologies for the next generation energy-harvesting devices. The motivation for PSCs as next-generation solar cells stems from their simple...

Life cycle assessment of low-dimensional materials for perovskite photovoltaic cells

“…6,22,[32][33][34] LD materials including graphene-related materials (graphene, reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and graphene quantum dots (GQDs)), black phosphorus (BP), and transition metal dichalcogenides such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ), tungsten disulfide (WS 2 ), and tungsten diselenide (Wse 2 ) have been identified as promising candidates to improve the thermal and chemical stability of PSCs. 6,20,22,[33][34][35][36][37] Incorporating LD materials in different layers of PSCs (e.g., electrode, charge transport layers, or as additives to the absorber layer), works as a good barrier for moisture and oxygen, restrains the migration of ions (from the perovskite into the metal electrode and vice versa), and improves thermal stability. 6,37 As such, LD materials have succeeded in increasing the stability of PSCs.…”

“…6,20,22,[33][34][35][36][37] Incorporating LD materials in different layers of PSCs (e.g., electrode, charge transport layers, or as additives to the absorber layer), works as a good barrier for moisture and oxygen, restrains the migration of ions (from the perovskite into the metal electrode and vice versa), and improves thermal stability. 6,37 As such, LD materials have succeeded in increasing the stability of PSCs. 33,37 LD materials can also enhance the PCE of PSCs with their high carrier mobilities, tunable work function, transparency, and mechanical flexibility.…”

“…33,37 LD materials can also enhance the PCE of PSCs with their high carrier mobilities, tunable work function, transparency, and mechanical flexibility. 22,33,37 In addition, carbon-based materials have been investigated as potential alternatives for both front contact as a replacement for transparent conductive oxides and back contact (BC) for metal electrode replacement. 6,[37][38][39] Graphene-based substrates were identified as excellent candidates for replacing the environmentally harmful indium in the fabrication of transparent conductive oxide-free flexible PSCs, making them most suitable for building integrated PV applications.…”

“…22,33,37 In addition, carbon-based materials have been investigated as potential alternatives for both front contact as a replacement for transparent conductive oxides and back contact (BC) for metal electrode replacement. 6,[37][38][39] Graphene-based substrates were identified as excellent candidates for replacing the environmentally harmful indium in the fabrication of transparent conductive oxide-free flexible PSCs, making them most suitable for building integrated PV applications. 6,22,38,[40][41][42] Utilizing carbon based electrodes used as the BC helps in developing hole transport layer (HTL) free and metal-free PSCs, paving the way for cost-effective, hydrophobic, thermally stable, highly efficient, and environmentally friendly PSC devices for future energy generation.…”

Mechanosynthesis of MAPbI3@Graphite Composites with Active Interfaces and Promising Photodetection Properties

“…These materials are also excellent electron transporting materials with high electrical conductivity and thermal stability, which are frequently used in the fabrication of HP-based devices but mainly in the form of an intermediate layer. Such composites are developed for solar cells ,− and also for photodetectors. ,,,, Most studies reported indeed on MAPbI 3 films or HP islands deposited on a graphene layer, and only few studies have reported on MAPbI 3 mixed with graphene nanocrystals or graphene quantum dots. ,,,− All of them reported a charge transfer induced by the presence of graphene. To the best of our knowledge, homogeneous composites constituted of MAPbI 3 and graphite have never been synthesized by mechanosynthesis.…”