Recent Progress on Spray Pyrolysis for High Performance Electrode Materials in Lithium and Sodium Rechargeable Batteries

Abstract

Advanced electrode materials have been intensively explored for next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), and great progresses have been achieved for many potential candidates at the labscale. To realize the commercialization of these materials, industrially-viable synthetic approaches are urgently needed. Spray pyrolysis (SP), which is highly scalable and compatible with on-line continuous production processes, offers great fidelity in synthesis of electrode materials with complex architectures and chemistries. In this review, motivated by the rapid advancement of the given technology in the battery area, we have summarized the recent progress on SP for preparing a great variety of anode and cathode materials of LIBs with emphasis on their unique structures generated by SP and how the structures enhanced the electrochemical performance of various electrode materials. Considering the emerging popularity of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), recent electrode materials for SIBs produced by SP will also be discussed. Finally, the powerfulness and limitation along with future research efforts of SP on preparing electrode materials are concisely This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. 3 provided. Given current worldwide interests on LIBs and SIBs, we hope this review will greatly stimulate the collaborative efforts among different communities to optimize existing approaches and to develop innovative processes for preparing electrode materials.

Progress of Nanostructured Electrode Materials for Supercapacitors

“…Moreover, the new emerging materials such as 2D MXenes, LDH, and other 3D materials can be used as hierarchical structure templates to synthesize the multidimensional nanostructure carbon materials. [153,154] Furthermore, the nanostructure carbon materials could be prepared by the new synthetic technology such as aerosol spray [155][156][157][158][159] and 3D printing technology, [160][161][162][163][164] which are simple, cost-effective and shows incredible versatility for materials processing with diverse nanostructures and unique properties. All in all, the power and energy densities need to be further improved and these designed novel nanostructure carbon materials would promote a new generation of supercapacitors with outstanding electrochemical performance in the near future.…”

Enhanced humidity responsive ultrasonically nebulised V2O5 thin films

“…The spacing between the layers provides favorable sites for the intercalation of several species [10] into V 2 O 5 making it a favorable material for numerous applications like gas sensing [11,12], lithium-ion batteries [13] and catalysis [14]. Different synthesis techniques like atomic layer deposition [2], spray pyrolysis [15][16][17][18][19][20], sol-gel [21], spin coating [22], chemical vapor deposition [3], sputtering [23], pulsed laser deposition [24] and electron beam evaporation [25] are being employed to synthesize V 2 O 5 thin films on different substrates. Generally, V 2 O 5 thin films deposited at a substrate temperatures <300°C are amorphous [1].…”

“…The technique besides being cheap, is scalable, compatible, flexible and yields highly porous films suitable for gas sensing applications due to its enhanced surface to volume ratio. It also provides easy way to dope any element in any stoichiometry of interest through solution [15] without having the need for complex equipment and with no vacuum or special substrate requirements. It further provides an advantage over other reported spray pyrolysis techniques [15,16,[18][19][20] by combining solution combustion synthesis (SCS) and spray pyrolysis methods.…”

“…It also provides easy way to dope any element in any stoichiometry of interest through solution [15] without having the need for complex equipment and with no vacuum or special substrate requirements. It further provides an advantage over other reported spray pyrolysis techniques [15,16,[18][19][20] by combining solution combustion synthesis (SCS) and spray pyrolysis methods. The self-propagating elevated temperature reaction characteristic of SCS aids complete conversion of precursors into products resulting into high quality thin films [39].…”

Recent Advances in Aerosol‐Assisted Spray Processes for the Design and Fabrication of Nanostructured Metal Chalcogenides for Sodium‐Ion Batteries

“…In this regard,a erosol-assisted processes, in particulars pray pyrolysis and spray drying, have gained recent prominence owing to their feasibility,s calability, cost-efficiency,a nd minimal waste production. [43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56] Above all, these processes usually result in various nanostructured compositeso fn anocrystalline host materials with carbon frameworks that can effectively benefit electrochemical performance. [47][48][49]57] Herein, we presentr ecent advances in the syntheses of nanostructured metal chalcogenides by spray pyrolysis and spray drying for use as SIB anode materials.…”