Recent progress on optical rogue waves in fiber lasers: status, challenges, and perspectives

Abstract

Rogue waves (RWs) are rare, extreme amplitude, localized wave packets, which have received much interest recently in different areas of physics. Fiber lasers with their abundant nonlinear dynamics provide an ideal platform to observe optical RW formation. We review recent research progress on rogue waves in fiber lasers. Basic concepts of RWs and the mechanisms of RW generation in fiber lasers are discussed, along with representative experimental and theoretical results. The measurement methods for RW identification in fiber lasers are presented and analyzed. Finally, prospects for future RW research in fiber lasers are summarized.

Dispersive temporal holography for single-shot recovering comprehensive ultrafast dynamics

“…5). These findings are consistent with the previous reports (36,37), the rogue waves start from the chaotic modulation instability and FPUT recurrence, especially in multiple pulse regions. Significantly, the same as in the case of breathers, there also existing dips and sudden phase change on both sides of each maximum.…”

Generation of polarization and phase singular beams in fibers and fiber lasers

“…Compared with standard Gaussian beams, CVBs and VBs have unique polarization and/or phase distributions, and fewmode fibers and other specially designed fibers offer alternative media for propagating or generating such beams. We expect that special spatiotemporal optical fields can be formed by simultaneously modulating the polarization, phase, and temporal properties in few-or multiple-mode fibers and fiber lasers, and such optical fields can be further applied in fields of nonlinear fiber optics [158][159][160][161][162][163][164] and ultrafast strong field physics. [165][166][167][168][169] Compared with modulation/generation methods that have been intensively investigated, the nonlinear effects of CVB or VB are still less addressed when propagating in fibers or fiber lasers.…”

Advances in soliton microcomb generation

“…Actually, a lot of unusual phenomena in microcombs have already been predicted or verified in a similar manner to some degree. That is, although different in material platforms and generation mechanisms, classic fiber nonlinearities can still offer a guidance or reference for microcombs, especially regarding unexplored temporal and spectral behaviors (e.g., vector solitons, 106,107 wave-breaking-free pulses, 108,109 optical bullets, 110 or even rouge waves 111,112 ). Meanwhile, they can inspire new fundamental research on intrinsic soliton features that are not yet considered in this area, such as the chirp parameter (or time-bandwidth-product), 113 which is crucial in traditional fiber lasers for dedicated control on pulse shaping qualities 114 and contributes significantly to further system optimization.…”