Recent Progress on Optical Biosensors Developed for Nucleic Acid Detection Related to Infectious Viral Diseases

Abstract

Optical biosensors have many advantages over traditional analytical methods. They enable the identification of several biological and chemical compounds directly, instantly, and without the need of labels. Their benefits include excellent specificity, sensitivity, compact size, and low cost. In this review, the main focus is placed on the nucleic acid-based optical biosensor technologies, including colorimetric, fluorescence, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), Evanescent-Wave Optical, Fiber optic and bioluminescent optical fibre. The fundamentals of each type of biosensor are briefly explained, and particular emphasis has been placed on the achievements which have been gained in the last decade on the field of diagnosis of infectious viral diseases. Concluding remarks concerning the perspectives of further developments are discussed.

Recent Progress in Functional-Nucleic-Acid-Based Fluorescent Fiber-Optic Evanescent Wave Biosensors

“…The development of rapid and low-cost methods for pathogen detection has been a hot topic in recent years. Recent progress on optical biosensors developed for nucleic acid detection related to infectious viral diseases has been recently reviewed [ 17 ]. Numerous methods have been reported with a focus on real-time PCR detection kits and immune test strips.…”

“…After over 40 years of innovation, fluorescent FOEW biosensors are proceeding quickly and have found respective applications in highly diversified fields. Several excellent reviews on them have been published with different focuses on instrument configurations and patents [ 6 ], enzyme- or antibody-based biosensors [ 10 , 14 ], or a specific type of target such as viruses [ 17 ]. Recently, Loyez et al published an excellent review on aptamer-based optical fiber sensors using all types of sensing strategies including surface plasmon resonance (SPR), localized SPR (LSPR), lossy mode resonance, fluorescence, and others [ 18 ].…”

Optical biosensors for diagnosis of COVID-19: nanomaterial-enabled particle strategies for post pandemic era

“…Nucleic acid–based biosensors are advantageous due to their fast analysis times, low sample requirements, and the specific nucleotide sequence of DNA or RNA. In addition, protein binding can be controlled and biosensors that can recognize the target protein can be obtained [ 107 ]. One of the disadvantages of this method is the easy degradation of the samples during transportation.…”

Emerging Point-of-Care Optical Biosensing Technologies for Diagnostics of Microbial Infections

“…Predominantly, nanomaterials that have inherent optoelectrical properties boost the performance of modified optical biosensors. The nanomaterials have peculiar optical characteristics and efficient response transduction that help in enhancing the sensitivity and accuracy of optical biosensors. , The development of optical biosensors has been growing fast, and several optical biosensing assays of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), surface plasmon resonance (SPR), localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), fluorescence, fiber-optics, interferometers, photonic crystals, ring-resonators, etc. have been utilized for highly sensitive and label-free determination of infectious and other disease biomarkers. − In addition to their numerous advantages, optical biosensors have a few disadvantages, such as their reliance on common technologies such as filter fluorometers and spectrofluorometers, which increase both the expense and complexity of the platform and limit its application in resource-limited settings .…”

“…The nanomaterials have peculiar optical characteristics and efficient response transduction that help in enhancing the sensitivity and accuracy of optical biosensors. 15,16 The development of optical biosensors has been growing fast, and several optical biosensing assays of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), surface plasmon resonance (SPR), localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), fluorescence, fiber-optics, interferometers, photonic crystals, ring-resonators, etc. have been utilized for highly sensitive and label-free determination of infectious and other disease biomarkers.…”