Recent progress on CO-rich syngas production via CO2 gasification of various wastes: A critical review on efficiency, challenges and outlook

Chan, Yi Herng; Rahman, Syarifah Nor Faizah Syed Abdul; Lahuri, H M.; Khalid, Alia

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116843

Cited by 49 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…Reactions of dry reforming and Boudouard (Table 5, reactions 12 and 13) can be promoted by the addition of carbon dioxide to the oxidizing media (I. I. Ahmed & Gupta, 2012; Reddy, 2016; A. Singh et al, 2019). The main advantage of CO 2 assisted gasification is the fact that not only solid waste but also some carbon dioxide is consumed during the waste management operation and transformed to valuable CO (Chan et al, 2021; Policella et al, 2019; Z. Wang, Burra, et al, 2019; Z. Wang, Burra, Zhang, Li, Policella, et al, 2020; L. Wang, Zhang, Li, Pérez‐Fortes, Lin, et al, 2020). In real applications mixtures of different gasification agents, for example, oxygen and steam, and so forth are often used.…”

Section: Thermal Transformation Character and Thermochemical Treatment Of Wastesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of pyrolysis and gasification as waste to energy tools for low carbon economy

Porshnov

2021

WIREs Energy & Environment

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The paper aims to review the state of the art in the field of pyrolysis and gasification of waste and to identify approaches that can be prospective considering the upcoming transformation of society. The results show that the transition to a circular, low carbon economy will significantly change the composition of municipal wastes, making thermochemical approaches more and more competitive. However, it does not mean that pyrolysis and gasification will outperform incineration in the field of traditional waste to energy. Novel thermochemical waste management approaches must not be viewed as competitors, but rather as the successors of the traditional mass‐burn incineration. The transition to a circular, low carbon economy will result in an emergence of new needs, new products and thus in possibilities of new pyrolysis and gasification‐based business models different from the waste to energy concept. Negative emissions, energy storage, stabilization of renewable grids as well as renewable fuels must be mentioned as examples of such new products. Thus, thermochemical processing technologies should be embedded into the wider concept of circular, low carbon economy as the source of energy for recycling, a technology of tertiary recycling of synthetic polymers and as a way to transform nonrecyclable rejects into fuels, negative emissions, and other marketable products. This article is categorized under: Bioenergy > Systems and Infrastructure

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Section: Thermal Transformation Character and Thermochemical Treatment Of Wastesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of pyrolysis and gasification as waste to energy tools for low carbon economy

Porshnov

2021

WIREs Energy & Environment

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“…The pronounced gasification performance of LG800 can be presumably ascribed to its higher fixed carbon content and disordered surface structure compared to raw lignite. The aforementioned considerations were also highlighted by other researchers in relevant studies dealing with the isothermal gasification of fossil and bio-based solid fuels [40,43,66,[78][79][80][81]. For instance, Porada et al [81] examined CO production during CO2 gasification of coals and their chars under isothermal conditions at 750, 850, and 950 o C. They concluded that the enhanced CO production of coal chars was attributed to the higher fixed carbon and ash content of coal chars due to the pyrolysis pretreatment stage.…”

Section: Syngas Production During Isothermal Co 2 Gasification Testsmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…In the case of isothermal gasification tests, instead of the quartz reactor, a tailor made inox reactor with a custom funnel was used to deliver the fuel feedstock into the reactor upon reaching the set up temperature. During isothermal experiments, 0.5 gr of LG or LG800 were gasified under 30 cm 3 (STP)/min of pure CO 2 flow rate at 800 • C. Gas sampling from the effluent stream was performed at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,7,10,14,17,22,27,35,40,45,50,55,60 min since the introduction of feedstock into the reactor (t = 0 min) and subsequently at intervals of dt = 10 min until fuel depletion.…”

Section: Gasification Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To the best of our knowledge, most of the CO 2 gasification works reported in the literature are limited to kinetic and gasification reactivity studies using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), while the experimental data on syngas evaluation and its correlation with the physicochemical characteristics and gasification reactivity of fuels are barely discussed. Remarkably, there are no relevant studies focused on the gasification reactivity and syngas production of raw lignite and ex-situ pyrolyzed chars under both isothermal and non-isothermal experimental conditions, highlighting the novelty of the present work [19,40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CO2 Gasification Reactivity and Syngas Production of Greek Lignite Coal and Ex-Situ Produced Chars under Non-Isothermal and Isothermal Conditions: Structure-Performance Relationships

et al. 2022

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The presented work explores the structural properties, gasification reactivity, and syngas production of Greek lignite fuel (LG) and ex-situ produced chars during CO2 gasification. Three different slow pyrolysis protocols were employed for char production involving torrefaction at 300 °C (LG300), mild-carbonization at 500 °C (LG500), and carbonization at 800 °C (LG800). Physicochemical characterization studies, including proximate and ultimate analysis, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy, revealed that the thermal treatment under inert atmospheres leads to chars with increased fixed carbon content and less ordered surface structures. The CO2 gasification reactivity of pristine LG and as-produced chars was examined by thermogravimetric (TG) analysis and in batch mode gasification tests under both isothermal and non-isothermal conditions. The key parameters affecting the devolatilization and gasification steps in the overall process toward CO-rich gas mixtures were thoroughly explored. The gasification performance of the examined fuels in terms of carbon conversion, instant CO production rate, and syngas generation revealed an opposite reactivity order during each stage. TG analysis demonstrated that raw lignite (LG) was more reactive during the thermal devolatilization phase at low and intermediate temperatures (da/dtmax,devol. = 0.022 min−1). By contrast, LG800 exhibited superior gasification reactivity at high temperatures (da/dtmax,gas. = 0.1 min−1). The latter is additionally corroborated by the enhanced CO formation of LG800 samples under both non-isothermal (5.2 mmol) and isothermal (28 mmol) conditions, compared to 4.1 mmol and 13.8 mmol over the LG sample, respectively. The pronounced CO2 gasification performance of LG800 was attributed to its higher fixed carbon content and disordered surface structure compared to LG, LG300, and LG500 samples.

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“…Although syngas can be obtained from fossil-based sources like coal, natural gas, petcoke or crude oil fractions, by steam methane reforming (SMR), autothermal reforming (ATR), partial oxidation (POX), dry methane reforming (DMR), bi-reforming (BR), trireforming (TR) and combined reforming (CR); gasification is presently very attractive given that syngas can also be produced from a wide range of carbonaceous organic feedstocks, including biomass, municipal solid wastes (MSW) and plastics [8,9].…”

Section: Syngasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Syngas Composition on Anaerobic Fermentation

et al. 2021

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Energy consumption places growing demands on modern lifestyles, which have direct impacts on the world’s natural environment. To attain the levels of sustainability required to avoid further consequences of changes in the climate, alternatives for sustainable production not only of energy but also materials and chemicals must be pursued. In this respect, syngas fermentation has recently attracted much attention, particularly from industries responsible for high levels of greenhouse gas emissions. Syngas can be obtained by thermochemical conversion of biomass, animal waste, coal, municipal solid wastes and other carbonaceous materials, and its composition depends on biomass properties and gasification conditions. It is defined as a gaseous mixture of CO and H2 but, depending on those parameters, it can also contain CO2, CH4 and secondary components, such as tar, oxygen and nitrogenous compounds. Even so, raw syngas can be used by anaerobic bacteria to produce biofuels (ethanol, butanol, etc.) and biochemicals (acetic acid, butyric acid, etc.). This review updates recent work on the influence of biomass properties and gasification parameters on syngas composition and details the influence of these secondary components and CO/H2 molar ratio on microbial metabolism and product formation. Moreover, the main challenges, opportunities and current developments in syngas fermentation are highlighted in this review.

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Recent progress on CO-rich syngas production via CO2 gasification of various wastes: A critical review on efficiency, challenges and outlook

Cited by 49 publications

References 106 publications

Evolution of pyrolysis and gasification as waste to energy tools for low carbon economy

Evolution of pyrolysis and gasification as waste to energy tools for low carbon economy

CO2 Gasification Reactivity and Syngas Production of Greek Lignite Coal and Ex-Situ Produced Chars under Non-Isothermal and Isothermal Conditions: Structure-Performance Relationships

Impacts of Syngas Composition on Anaerobic Fermentation

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