Recent Progress of Plasma-Assisted Nitrogen Fixation Research: A Review

Li, S.; Medrano, J.A.; Hessel, Volker; Gallucci, Fausto

doi:10.3390/pr6120248

Cited by 112 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 161 publications

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“…It is therefore clear that a process with these characteristics is not very sustainable and technically unusable for localized applications [14] in the ammonia distributed production. A promising alternative is the "plasma-assisted nitrogen fixation" process [15], which can be considered eco-friendly, due to the no greenhouse gas emissions and waste production and suitable for small-scale and distributed production. On the other hand, the energy efficiency of this process is far from being optimized, so that the combination with renewable energies seems to be, at the moment, the only viable route [16].…”

Section: Ammonia Production Via Ntp Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review about the Recent Advances in Selected NonThermal Plasma Assisted Solid–Gas Phase Chemical Processes

et al. 2020

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Plasma science has attracted the interest of researchers in various disciplines since the 1990s. This continuously evolving field has spawned investigations into several applications, including industrial sterilization, pollution control, polymer science, food safety and biomedicine. nonthermal plasma (NTP) can promote the occurrence of chemical reactions in a lower operating temperature range, condition in which, in a conventional process, a catalyst is generally not active. The aim, when using NTP, is to selectively transfer electrical energy to the electrons, generating free radicals through collisions and promoting the desired chemical changes without spending energy in heating the system. Therefore, NTP can be used in various fields, such as NOx removal from exhaust gases, soot removal from diesel engine exhaust, volatile organic compound (VOC) decomposition, industrial applications, such as ammonia production or methanation reaction (Sabatier reaction). The combination of NTP technology with catalysts is a promising option to improve selectivity and efficiency in some chemical processes. In this review, recent advances in selected nonthermal plasma assisted solid–gas processes are introduced, and the attention was mainly focused on the use of the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactors.

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Section: Ammonia Production Via Ntp Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review about the Recent Advances in Selected NonThermal Plasma Assisted Solid–Gas Phase Chemical Processes

et al. 2020

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“…The efficiency of conventional processes of nitrogen fixation to NO x species strongly correlates with gas-phase temperature due to the endothermic nature of the reactions, [20] meaning high energy costs. Owing to their high reactivity at relatively low gas temperature T gas , non-equilibrium plasmas are providing an alternative pathway for gas conversion because of the possibility to decrease the reaction energy barrier through increasing only electron T e and vibrational temperature T vib keeping the translation temperature relatively low.…”

Section: Plasma Temperature Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An atmospheric pressure non‐self‐sustained glow discharge in between metal/metal and metal/liquid electrodes

Sremački

Gromov

Leys

et al. 2019

Plasma Processes & Polymers

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Non-thermal plasmas operating at high pressure attract increasing attention for a variety of applications as an alternative to conventional chemical processes.In this study, an atmospheric pressure direct current non-self-sustained discharge in nitrogen is investigated as a source of non-thermal plasma capable of operating in a glow regime. The discharge is sustained between an internal source of ionization and a metal or liquid electrode and studied by electrical diagnostics as well as by spectroscopy methods. The work is focused on the determination of the discharge properties including vibrational and gas temperature. The effect of the liquid electrode on the discharge properties is studied and analyzed. The mechanisms of the discharge sustaining and pathways of nitrogen state excitation are discussed. K E Y W O R D Sliquid anode, nitrogen, non-self-sustained glow discharge, optical emission spectroscopy, vibrational excitation

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“…The research of non-thermal plasma has received increasing attentions in different areas such as CO 2 conversion [9,10], nitrogen fixation [11,12], VOC decomposition [13,14] and bio-medical applications [15,16]. The reactive species such as energetic electrons, radicals and ions provide the possibility to achieve the high conversion of reactants at atmospheric pressure and relatively low temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Nanosheets Synthesis in a Gliding Arc Reactor: On the Reaction Routes and Process Parameters

Chaudhary

et al. 2020

Plasma Chem Plasma Process

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Non-thermal plasma is a promising technology for high purity nanomaterial synthesis in a fast, flexible and controllable process. Gliding arc discharge, as one of the most efficient non-thermal plasmas, has been widely used in gas treatment but rarely studied for the nanomaterial synthesis. In this study, a comparison study for carbon nanosheets synthesis including toluene dissociation and graphite exfoliation was investigated in a 2D gliding arc reactor at atmospheric pressure. The effects of gas flow rate, precursor concentration and power input on the structures of carbon nanosheets produced through the two synthesis routes were explored and compared. Amorphous carbon nanosheets were produced in both approaches with a few crystalline structures formation in the case of toluene dissociation. The thickness of carbon nanosheets synthesized from graphite exfoliation was less than 3 nm, which was thinner and more uniform than that from toluene dissociation. The flow rate of carrier gas has direct influence on the morphology of carbon nanomaterials in the case of toluene dissociation. Carbon spheres were also produced along with nanosheets when the flow rate decreased from 2 to 0.5 L/min. However, in the case of graphite exfoliation, only carbon nanosheets were observed regardless of the change in flow rate of the carrier gas. The generated chemical species and plasma gas temperatures were measured and estimated for the mechanism study, respectively.

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Recent Progress of Plasma-Assisted Nitrogen Fixation Research: A Review

Cited by 112 publications

References 161 publications

A Review about the Recent Advances in Selected NonThermal Plasma Assisted Solid–Gas Phase Chemical Processes

A Review about the Recent Advances in Selected NonThermal Plasma Assisted Solid–Gas Phase Chemical Processes

An atmospheric pressure non‐self‐sustained glow discharge in between metal/metal and metal/liquid electrodes

Carbon Nanosheets Synthesis in a Gliding Arc Reactor: On the Reaction Routes and Process Parameters

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