Recent progress of organic scintillators

Abstract

Recent development of organic scintillators is reviewed from the viewpoint of materials science. Design and crystal growth of organic crystalline scintillators, use of novel solvents and solutes in liquid scintillators, and development of plastic scintillators based on novel polymer hosts or novel fluorescent molecules are introduced. Additionally, development of loaded liquid or plastic scintillators is reviewed on the basis of two approaches of loading: molecules or nanoparticles. A disadvantage of organic scintillators has been their low scintillation light yields. Hence, materials design for improving scintillation light yields is introduced in detail with description on related excited state dynamics. Finally, future prospect for the improvement of scintillation light yield is briefly given.

Understanding radiation-generated electronic traps in radiation dosimeters based on organic field-effect transistors

“…For example, scintillators based on organic materials are studied for direct X-ray detection through the photoconductivity effect. 42 The formation of electronic traps can affect the scintillation process by reducing the number of photons emitted, resulting in a lower scintillation yield, and by slowing down the scintillation decay time. The random trapping and detrapping of charge carriers can also create fluctuations in the scintillation signal, making it difficult to detect weak scintillation events or to resolve the energy of incident radiation.…”

Development of Ce-doped Gd3Al5−yGayO12 Nanoparticle Scintillators

“…At present, no scintillators fulfill all requirements simultaneously; therefore, a variety of scintillators are commercially available, and a huge number of scintillators have been developed using various compounds. From the viewpoint of constituents, inorganic, (1) organic, (2) and organic-inorganic hybrid materials (3,4) have been used. Inorganic scintillators based on oxides (5)(6)(7)(8) or halides (9 -11) generally have high light yields and high interaction probabilities with high-energy photons (X-rays or gamma rays).…”

Photoluminescence and scintillation properties of Pr-doped (Lu, Y)2Si2O7 crystals

“…6) The required properties for the scintillators vary for each application; however, high emission efficiency, fast decay, and low afterglow are generally important as scintillation properties. To explore the scintillators which satisfy the above requirements, various types of scintillators such as single crystals, [7][8][9][10] ceramics, [11][12][13] glasses, [14][15][16] and liquids [17][18][19] have been researched.…”