Recent Progress of Nanogenerators Acting as Self‐Powered Drug Delivery Devices

Abstract

Self‐powered technology based on nanogenerators (NGs) has developed rapidly since the invention of NGs. This technology can transform mechanical energy into electrical energy and be applied to self‐powered healthcare systems. Meanwhile, after the development of five generations, drug dosage forms have entered the era of pulsed drug delivery system (DDS), which promotes the application of NGs in self‐powered DDS. This review first reviews the type, working principle, materials, and structure strategy of NGs. Next, frontier applications of NGs as drug delivery devices (DDDs), in combination with membrane, microneedle, electrochemistry, microfluidics, and electroporation techniques, are introduced. Then the challenges of NG technology applied for clinical treatment and research are discussed. In the future, NG may become the key technology for drug controlled release, which can realize precise drug delivery and clinical disease therapy.

Recent advances on biomechanical motion-driven triboelectric nanogenerators for drug delivery

“…The SE mode operation-based TENG was first introduced in 2015 in microneedle drug delivery which was able to produce 26-28 V upon the friction of PDMS and Cu [162]. Within a year, TENG output reaches up to 3000 V using the CS and FT mode operation [162].…”

“…The SE mode operation-based TENG was first introduced in 2015 in microneedle drug delivery which was able to produce 26-28 V upon the friction of PDMS and Cu [162]. Within a year, TENG output reaches up to 3000 V using the CS and FT mode operation [162]. Due to its flexibility, miniaturization capability, and protean materials availability, TENG development and the growing trend in implantable and wearable sensor devices are expanding rapidly in recent years.…”

Self-Powered Electrical Impulse Chemotherapy for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

“…The invention of the self-powered energy collecting devices represented by triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) provide a feasible solution to this problem [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. The TENG was first proposed by Zhong Lin Wang in 2012 that could convert the mechanical energy in the environment into electrical energy based on the coupling of triboelectrification effect and electrostatic induction effect [ 25 ].…”

Shape Designed Implanted Drug Delivery System for In Situ Hepatocellular Carcinoma Therapy

“…Electric field (EF) has proven to have an influence on the molecule transmission of the RBC. , EF is regarded as an attractive choice for an RBC-based DDS control system due to its noninvasiveness, easy manipulation, low cost, and the ability to reach target tissues . Traditional commercial EF sources are usually enormous and insecure, which prevent their applications in portable, wearable, or implantable devices .…”

“…26,27 EF is regarded as an attractive choice for an RBC-based DDS control system due to its noninvasiveness, easy manipulation, low cost, and the ability to reach target tissues. 28 Traditional commercial EF sources are usually enormous and insecure, which prevent their applications in portable, wearable, or implantable devices. 29 Especially for implanted EF based DDS, energy depletion is a serious problem to be solved.…”