Recent Progress of Fluxgate Magnetic Sensors: Basic Research and Application

Wei, Songrui; Liao, Xiaoqi; Zhang, Han; Pang, Jianhua; Zhou, Yan

doi:10.3390/s21041500

Cited by 43 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Fluxgate sensors exploit the magnetic hysteresis of ferromagnetic materials in order to sense very small magnetic fields. They can be used to realize highly accurate current sensors, yet they have limited DR and BW [19]- [21].…”

Section: B Overview Of Current Sensing Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hall-Effect Current Sensors: Principles of Operation and Implementation Techniques

2022

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Section: B Overview Of Current Sensing Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hall-Effect Current Sensors: Principles of Operation and Implementation Techniques

2022

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“…The core permeability increased with increasing temperature, and the saturated magnetization decreased simultaneously. [ 36 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication Advancements in Integrated Fluxgate Sensors: A Mini Review

2022

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Research on magnetic sensors has been carried out in recent years to enhance sensing capability, enabling us to understand the Earth's magnetic field changes [1] with better sensitivities of 10 À10 to 10 À2 T. [2] Magnetic field sensors have been extensively investigated according to their operating principles and actions in various applications. Sensitivity and selectivity are the two essential properties crucial in the evolution of magnetic field sensors to achieve high fidelity outputs. The former is strengthened by increasing the sensor area and improvements to the planar surface with various Nano-materials. In contrast, the latter is improved by using multiple materials and techniques to enhance interfacial interactions.Magnetic sensors detect disturbances and changes in magnetic fields such as force, direction, and flux. It is a transducer that converts a magnetic field into an electrical voltage. There are several types of magnetic field sensors, each with its own sensitivity range. In addition to sensitivity, the temperature range, the physical size of the sensor, and its on-chip manufacturability must all be considered. Magnetic fields of less than 100 pT are extremely weak and far below the earth's magnetic field. Earth magnetic field sensors have a sensitivity range of 10 μT to a few micro-Tesla, while bias magnet field (high field) sensors have a sensitivity of more than 1 mT.Magnetic fields of less than 100 pT are extremely weak and far below the earth's magnetic field. Earth magnetic field sensors have a sensitivity range of 10 μT to a few micro-Tesla, while bias magnet field (high field) sensors have a sensitivity of more than 1 mT. The most sensitive low-field sensor is the superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). It is based on Brian J. Josephson's research on a point-contact connection for measuring extremely low currents.The SQUID ring, the radio-frequency coil, and the big antenna loop are all superconducting components of the SQUID sensor. All three must be cooled to the point where they become superconducting. The SQUID itself is small, but the requirement for liquid helium cooling makes the entire apparatus big and hefty. Magnetoresistive sensors (MR) have a high sensitivity, are inexpensive to manufacture, and are small in size. However, they have poor noise performance and linearity, as well as a small dynamic range, making them unappealing and unsuitable for many low-noise applications. Furthermore, as the power usage is reduced, their sensitivity degrades.Search-coil or induction sensors are high-sensitivity, lowpower sensors, but their sensitivity decreases as the cross-section area decreases, making miniaturization ineffective. Because search coils can detect an alternating current magnetic field, they cannot detect a static magnetic field like the Earth's magnetic field. Magnetic sensors based on semiconductors, such as Hall-Effect sensors, magnetotransistors, and magnetodiodes, are very small in size. Because of its low manufacturing cost

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“…There are two signals simultaneously received by the omni-directional antenna. In the study presented in [19][20][21], the stronger between the two signals can be selected for signal detection and decoding. In another method, the two signals can be synthesized into one signal by pre-signal processing, and the synthesized signal is then used for signal detection and decoding [19,22,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-Dimensional Signal Detection Algorithm for Omni-Directional Signal Receiving Using Low-Frequency Orthogonal Magnetic Antenna

Feng¹,

Wang²,

Wang³

2022

RADIOENGINEERING

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This paper proposes a two-dimensional signal detection algorithm for low-frequency signal receiving using orthogonal magnetic antenna. According to the directional properties of a single antenna, the direction coefficient is introduced into the model. The algorithm based on Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method can accurately estimate the direction coefficient and parameters of the noise in order to perform signal detection. The results show that the proposed algorithm is less affected by the direction of arrival and performs better, in terms of bit error rate, than that based on one-dimensional model. This study provides a valuable reference to omni-directional receiving of signals in low-frequency communication.

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Recent Progress of Fluxgate Magnetic Sensors: Basic Research and Application

Cited by 43 publications

References 68 publications

Hall-Effect Current Sensors: Principles of Operation and Implementation Techniques

Hall-Effect Current Sensors: Principles of Operation and Implementation Techniques

Fabrication Advancements in Integrated Fluxgate Sensors: A Mini Review

Two-Dimensional Signal Detection Algorithm for Omni-Directional Signal Receiving Using Low-Frequency Orthogonal Magnetic Antenna

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