Recent progress of defect chemistry on 2D materials for advanced battery anodes

Abstract

The rational design of anode materials plays a significant factor in harnessing energy storage. With an indepth insight into the relationships and mechanisms that underlie the charge and discharge process of two-dimensional (2D) anode materials. The efficiency of rechargeable batteries has significantly been improved through the implementation of defect chemistry on anode materials. This mini review highlights the recent progress achieved in defect chemistry on 2D materials for advanced rechargeable battery electrodes, including vacancies, chemical functionalization, grain boundary, Stone Wales defects, holes and cracks, folding and wrinkling, layered von der Waals (vdW) heterostructure in 2D materials. The defect chemistry on 2D materials provides numerous features such as a more active adsorption sites, great adsorption energy, better ionsdiffusion and therefore higher ion storage, which enhances the efficiency of the battery electrode.

High-Specific-Capacity and High-Performing Post-Lithium-Ion Battery Anode over 2D Black Arsenic Phosphorus

“…Due mainly to various outstanding electrochemical features, such as a great energy density, high efficiency, large insertion potential, and exceptional cycle efficiency, lithium-based ion batteries have been widely and fruitfully integrated in electronic devices including mobile phones, tablets, laptops, and so on. − During the last years, in parallel with the ongoing improvement of Li-ion battery performance, their adaptability has broadened to include both small- and large-scale applications, notably in electric vehicles and smart grids. , However, the widespread implementation of electrochemical energy storage systems based on the lithium-ion battery has been hampered by safety issues and by its relatively high price, due to its rarity in the earth’s crust. , Therefore, post-Li-ion batteries (PLIBs) were recognized to be the advanced and promising green generation of electrochemical energy storage devices, especially, Na-, K-, and Mg-ion batteries, , owing to their availability, adequate insertion potential, and high safety. − …”

Function and Application of Defect Chemistry in High‐Capacity Electrode Materials for Li‐Based Batteries

“…The introduction of defects could affect the electrochemical behavior of electrode materials during cycling, such as Li‐ion transport, surface physicochemical process, and crystal structure evolution. Herein, we briefly summarize the prevalent defects in high‐capacity electrode materials for Li‐based batteries such as vacancy, doping, and disorder, and discuss their effects on the electrochemical performance of Li‐based batteries [6] …”

Heterostructured Metallic 1T-VSe2/Ti3C2Tx MXene Nanosheets for Energy Storage

“…28,29 VSe 2 / multiwalled-carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and VSe 2 /singlewalled CNT (SWCNT)/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) heterostructures were used for supercapacitor applications in the previous studies. 30,31 Synergistic effects triggered enhanced charge storage ability in these heterostructures. Similar to all the other TMDs, VSe 2 also has shortcomings in terms of restacking and material deterioration during cycling operation.…”

“…Furthermore, the electronegativity of selenium is larger than that of oxygen and sulfur, which can improve ion migration in VSe 2 . VSe 2 shows remarkable energy storage performance both as an individual entity and also as heterostructures with carbon matrices in supercapacitor applications. , VSe 2 /multiwalled-carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and VSe 2 /single-walled CNT (SWCNT)/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) heterostructures were used for supercapacitor applications in the previous studies. , Synergistic effects triggered enhanced charge storage ability in these heterostructures. Similar to all the other TMDs, VSe 2 also has shortcomings in terms of restacking and material deterioration during cycling operation .…”