Recent progress of covalent organic frameworks as attractive materials for solid-phase microextraction: A review

Supramolecular Materials as Solid-Phase Microextraction Coatings in Environmental Analysis

“…In situ growth is based on the immersion of the pretreated fiber in the reacting solution, allowing for the synthesis of the material directly onto its surface [7,[29][30][31][32]. In this context, stainless-steel (SS) supports are preferred to fused silica and quartz substrates, In situ growth (or deposition from solution), chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and atomic layer deposition (ALD) are the most commonly applied methodologies of in situ deposition.…”

“…The process is repeated until the desired coating provides a unique control on thin film formation in terms of conformal with atomic-level accuracy [29,34]. As for dual-stage deposition, different approaches have been pr physical adhesion, the sol-gel technique, and chemical cross-linking [7 The physical adhesion of a pre-synthesized material is the most procedure [7,[29][30][31][32]. Besides fiber pretreatment, the coating process steps: (i) the inert surface is immersed in an adhesive material (e.g., silic or epoxy glues) or pre-coated with a polymeric layer (usually polyac (ii) the fiber is dipped in the fine powdered supramolecular material with the intended thickness (multiple dipping cycles can be required) layer of adhesive material can be applied to increase the mechanical st and (iv) the fiber is dried and thermally conditioned to promote coati ing, and allowing for the evaporation of both the residual solvents and ucts.…”

“…Steps i-iii can be merged when the pretreated fiber is directly imm tion containing the suspended material without the need of an adhesiv In this case, the immersion-heating stages are usually performed mult the intended coating thickness. In physical adhesion, the adhesive (or t vent) used for developing the coating has a major impact on the SPM fecting the thermal and mechanical stability of the material, as well a As for dual-stage deposition, different approaches have been proposed, including physical adhesion, the sol-gel technique, and chemical cross-linking [7,29,30,32].…”

“…Steps i-iii can be merged when the pretreated fiber is directly immersed into a solution containing the suspended material without the need of an adhesive medium [29][30][31]. In this case, the immersion-heating stages are usually performed multiple times to obtain the intended coating thickness.…”

Simultaneous Determination of Steroids and NSAIDs, Using DLLME-SFO Extraction and HPLC Analysis, in Milk and Eggs Collected from Rural Roma Communities in Transylvania, Romania

“…To overcome these problems, over time, miniaturized extraction methods have been developed for both the solid phase [ 18 ] and the liquid phase [ 19 ], with the aim of reducing the volume and toxicity of the extraction solvent and the amount of sample being processed to reduce the extraction time [ 20 ]. Due to the advantages offered, their applications are numerous [ 21 ], which is why we only mention their applicability to the analysis of steroids in urine [ 22 ] and in water [ 23 ]; of NSAIDs in water [ 24 ]; of steroids and NSAIDs in wastewater [ 25 ]; and, last but not least, in the analysis of steroids and NSAIDs in food samples [ 5 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ].…”