Recent Progress in Transdermal Nanocarriers and Their Surface Modifications

Abstract

Transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) is an attractive method for drug delivery with convenient application, less first-pass effect, and fewer systemic side effects. Among all generations of TDDS, transdermal nanocarriers show the greatest clinical potential because of their non-invasive properties and high drug delivery efficiency. However, it is still difficult to design optimal transdermal nanocarriers to overcome the skin barrier, control drug release, and achieve targeting. Hence, surface modification becomes a promising strategy to optimize and functionalize the transdermal nanocarriers with enhanced penetration efficiency, controlled drug release profile, and targeting drug delivery. Therefore, this review summarizes the developed transdermal nanocarriers with their transdermal mechanism, and focuses on the surface modification strategies via their different functions.

Nanostructured Lipid Carrier–Mediated Transdermal Delivery of Aceclofenac Hydrogel Present an Effective Therapeutic Approach for Inflammatory Diseases

“…Stability of drug-loaded formulation, frequent dosing schedules, and difficult manufacturing processes raise the need for developing topical formulations than oral ACE formulations. Recently, lipid-based nanocarriers have emerged as a promising tool for transdermal delivery through different methods, such as nanoemulsions ( Modi and Patel, 2011 ), SLNs ( Jain et al, 2014 ), and NLCs ( Hung et al, 2011 ) via engineering, the precision of which is based on nanotechnological advances ( Chawla and Saraf, 2012 ) for drug delivery to enhance personalized interventions ( Carbone et al, 2013 ; Yu Z. et al, 2021 ; Mitchell et al, 2021 ).…”

Polymeric Nanofibers for Drug Delivery Applications: A Recent Review

“…Transdermal delivery, as opposed to typical oral and subcutaneous injections, avoids the liver’s first-pass action and is less invasive, painless, and cost-effective [ 109 ]. Drug encapsulation and release affect transdermal drug delivery, which is currently used in the treatment of numerous skin illnesses such as psoriasis, contact dermatitis, and skin cancer [ 110 ].…”

The Emerging Role of Ionic Liquid-Based Approaches for Enhanced Skin Permeation of Bioactive Molecules: A Snapshot of the Past Couple of Years

“…Still, nanosystems that do not [exclusively] derive from natural lipids have been thoroughly explored for percutaneous permeation of bioactive molecules; organic nanoformulations comprising either natural or synthetic polymers and/or surfactants other than natural lipids can be found in recent literature, covering distinct types of dendrimers, nanoparticles (NPs), nanoemulsions (NEs), micelles, and hydrogels, for diverse purposes. Likewise, inorganic nanosystems, including metallic, non-metallic, and magnetic NPs, among others, have been employed for DTD of [bio]pharmaceuticals [ 42 , 44 ].…”