Recent Progress in the Study of “Die Ernährung der Wassertiere und der Stoffhaushalt der Gewässer”

Stephens, Grover C.

doi:10.1093/icb/22.3.611

Cited by 55 publications

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“…Many marine invertebrates are known to accumulate dissolved organic material (DOM) (Wright 1988), and dissolved amino acids have been implicated as an energy source for several bivalves (Stephens 1982) and echinoderms (Ferguson 1980). Conflicting results concerning the uptake and excretion of amino acids by the bivalve mollusc Mytihs edulis have been reported, however.…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparison of fluorescamine and o‐phthaldialdehyde methods for measuring amino acid exchange in marine organisms

Clements

Hilbish

1991

Limnology & Oceanography

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-Two methods routinely used to quantify total primary amine concentrations in seawater are the fluorescamine bulk assay and o-phthaldialdehyde derivatization with chromatographic separation (OPA-HPLC). Investigators using OPA-HPLC have observed net amino acid uptake by marine invertebrates; those using fluorescamine observe excretion of primary amines. We systematically compared the two methods with amino acid and ammonium standards and also conducted two excretion experiments with two species of bivalve molluscs. Mytilus edulis exhibits both uptake and excretion of primary amines and the flux is correlated with the initial concentration of amino acids. The two methods give comparable results, particularly after correcting the fluorescamine data for differences in relative fluorescence among amino acids.Mercenaria mercenariu exhibits net uptake of amino acids when flux is measured by OPA-HPLC and net excretion of fluorescamine-positive substances. Small peptides may contribute to the discrepancy between assay methods.

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confidence: 99%

Comparison of fluorescamine and o‐phthaldialdehyde methods for measuring amino acid exchange in marine organisms

Clements

Hilbish

1991

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…Virtually all soft-bodied marine invertebrates exhibit excellent active transport mechanisms for transepidcrmal uptake of small molecules such as amino acids (Stephens 1982). It has been demonstrated that molecules are taken up actively and used metabolically, but their nutritional or metabolic importance has yet to be elucidated.…”

Section: Food Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The idea that "normal" marine invertebrates possessing typical alimentary 'tracts require DOM to meet respiratory demands has been subjected to repeated debate (first between Putter and Kr'ogh, see Jorgensen 1976), and there have been several recent reviews (i.e. Jorgensen 19'76;Sepers 1977;Siebcrs 1982;Stephens 1982).…”

Section: Food Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative ecology of the macrofauna of freshwater and marine muds1

Lopez

1988

Limnology & Oceanography

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There are many striking similarities between the benthic macrofauna inhabiting marine and lacustrine sediments. Most of the same trophic/functional groups are well represented in both habitats. There is no obvious difference between the tylpes of particulate food sources available for microphagous animals. Temperate lakes and neritic environments support a similar standing stock of macrofauna, which is a function of similar detrital input to the benthos. There is no characteristic difference in P : B ratios between marine and freshwater macrobenthos. Predation and competition have similar important efrects on community structure. Likewise, community succession appears to follow the same pattern.There are certain differences between marine and freshwater macrobenthos, however, that appear to relate to fundamental habitat differences. The major #difference is that low salinity and the closed, ephemeral nature or most lakes have resulted in little taxonomic similarity between the two faunas. Tentaculate deposit feeders are found only in marine sediments, and interstitial suspension feeders are common only in fi-cshwatcr muds. The ability to use dissolved organic matter is well developed only in marine animals, which is a consequence of the osmotic problems faced by freshwater animals. The ability of many limnetic species to survive prolonged anoxia relates to the lack of tidal mixing in lak&.

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“…Thus, it may be necessary to account for uptake by the epiflora on the consumers cuticle. Marine invertebrates are also known to absorb dissolved organic compounds by epidermal transport (Stewart, 1979;Stephens, 1982). If radioactive organics are used to label bacterial food, a poisoned control would not account for label that entered the consumer via active absorption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Live controls for radioisotope tracer food chain experiments using meiofauna

Montagna¹

1983

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Formalin poisoned samples are inadequate for measuring the amount of label to be subtracted as control values for certain food chain studies that employ radioactive tracers. In some studies, tracer is added just before incubation to label 'food' during the feeding study. Commonly, parallel, poisoned incubations are used to distinguish between biotic and abiotic label incorporation. But, a poisoned control does not account for label that could enter a consumer via active transport, epicuticular microfloral uptake, or grazing on labeled, non-food particles. Experiments were performed to test if label uptake is greater in live non-grazing than dead organisms. Marine benthic meiofauna incoporate from 3 to 133 times more tracer when they are alive and not grazing than when they are formalin killed. These results suggest that control experiments with live animals be performed to measure all processes by which label can enter consumers in food chain experiments.

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Recent Progress in the Study of “Die Ernährung der Wassertiere und der Stoffhaushalt der Gewässer”

Cited by 55 publications

References 0 publications

Comparison of fluorescamine and o‐phthaldialdehyde methods for measuring amino acid exchange in marine organisms

Comparison of fluorescamine and o‐phthaldialdehyde methods for measuring amino acid exchange in marine organisms

Comparative ecology of the macrofauna of freshwater and marine muds1

Live controls for radioisotope tracer food chain experiments using meiofauna

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