Recent progress in the imaging detection of enzyme activitiesin vivo

Abstract

Enzymatic activities are important for normal physiological processes and are also critical regulatory mechanisms for many pathologies.

Protein Encapsulation: A Nanocarrier Approach to the Fluorescence Imaging of an Enzyme-Based Biomarker

“…Continued advances in imaging methods coupled with fluorescent probe technologies have made real-time monitoring of enzymatic activity a viable tool for understanding fundamental biological processes (Liu et al, 2018;Yang et al, 2019). Our own efforts have focused on the development of fluorescentbased probes for the detection of biologically relevant species that are thought to be intimately involved in a number of pathological processes, such as inflammation, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer (Sedgwick et al, 2017(Sedgwick et al, , 2018aWu et al, 2017Wu et al, , 2018Odyniec et al, 2018;Gwynne et al, 2019).…”

New directions of activity-based sensing forin vivoNIR imaging

“…ABS probes for NIR-I imaging have been developed for diverse targets such as metal ions, 46 reactive oxygen species (ROS), 47 reactive nitrogen species (RNS), 48 thiols, 49 carbonyls, 50 and proteins. [51][52][53] ABS probes have been developed on a variety of dye platforms including but not limited to cyanine, 54 hemicyanine, 55 xanthene, 56 and donor-twoacceptor dyes. 57,58 Several excellent review articles that cover this in detail are available.…”

In Situ Generated Novel 1H MRI Reporter for β-Galactosidase Activity Detection and Visualization in Living Tumor Cells

“…Due to various advantages such as stability, high turnover rate, and ease of conjugation, the lacZ gene-encoding β-galactosidase (β-gal) has been broadly used in cellular/molecular biology, small animal studies, clinical trials with assays of clonal insertion, transcriptional activation, and protein expression and interaction (Kruger et al, 1999;Haberkorn et al, 2005;Razgulin et al, 2011;Yang et al, 2019). Moreover, overexpressed β-gal has been identified as a vital enzyme biomarker related to cell senescence and cancer progression (Chatterjee et al, 1979;Alam et al, 1990;Dimri et al, 1995;Paradis et al, 2001;Pacheco-Rivera et al, 2016;Lozano-Torres et al, 2017;Sharma and Leblanc, 2017;Kim et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2019;Li et al, 2020b;Gao et al, 2020;Qiu et al, 2020).…”