Recent progress in the development of conductive hydrogels and the application in 3D printed wearable sensors

Abstract

This paper reviewed the research progress of 3D printing in wearable sensors based on conductive hydrogels, with an emphasis on classification of conductive hydrogels, the mechanisms of wearable sensors and applications of 3D printing methods.

Direct ink writing of polyimide aerogels for battery thermal mitigation

“…Of these, DIW is particularly useful because it is inexpensive, simple to use, has minimal instrumentation requirements, and allows for high control over the feedstock composition. Although many studies have been published on the DIW of gels, [68][69][70][71][72] DIW of aerogels is rare. The major challenge of using DIW to print polymer aerogels is achieving the requisite rheology of the sol.…”

Three-dimensional printed cellulose nanofibers/carbon nanotubes/silicone rubber flexible strain sensor for wearable body monitoring

“…11 To ensure the necessary stretchability, different polymers are commonly used as flexible substrates, with popular choices including PU (polyurethane), 12,13 PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane), 14 and hydrogels. 15 PDMS is particularly favored due to its similar modulus to human tissue, chemical inertness, and non-tissue damaging properties. 16–18…”