Recent progress in the development of anode and cathode catalysts for direct methanol fuel cells

Tiwari, Jitendra N.; Tiwari, Rajanish N.; Singh, Gurcharan; Kim, Kwang S.

doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2013.06.009

Cited by 421 publications

(210 citation statements)

References 183 publications

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“…The electronic structures of graphene-supported AuPd alloy NPs were characterized with X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS, Kratos Axis Ultra DLD, monochromatic Al Ka) in ultrahigh vacuum. The inductive coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) measurements were conducted with Varian Vista MPX, and the samples were digested in concentrated HNO 3 and then diluted to desired concentrations.…”

Section: Characterization Of Graphene-supported Metal Npsmentioning

confidence: 99%

One-step synthesis of AuPd alloy nanoparticles on graphene as a stable catalyst for ethanol electro-oxidation

Liu

Cai

Wang

et al. 2016

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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Section: Characterization Of Graphene-supported Metal Npsmentioning

confidence: 99%

One-step synthesis of AuPd alloy nanoparticles on graphene as a stable catalyst for ethanol electro-oxidation

Liu

Cai

Wang

et al. 2016

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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“…The maximum theoretical voltage attainable from the overall reaction is 1.21 V with a theoretical efficiency of 96.5%, but in practice this voltage is not obtained due to poor electrode reaction kinetics and ohmic losses in the electrolyte [5]. because it is the most conducting of all alkaline hydroxides.…”

Section: Direct Methanol Fuel Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In acidic media, the reaction includes adsorption of methanol, C-H bond activation (methanol dissociation), H 2 O adsorption and activation, and finally addition of oxygen to adsorbed carboncontaining intermediates to generate CO 2 [5]. The total oxidation mechanism can be summarized as a pattern of parallel reactions which either goes through CO intermediate (path1) or oxygencontaining species to form CO 2 (path 2), as shown in Figure 2.4 [28,29].…”

Section: Mor In Acidic Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen-doped graphene with enhanced oxygen reduction activity produced by pyrolysis of graphene functionalized with imidazole derivatives

Borghei

Azcune

Carrasco

et al. 2014

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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Direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC) are great candidates for portable power source applications. However, the sluggish reaction kinetics are key challenges in DMFC technology. The state-of-the-art electrocatalysts are Pt-based catalysts supported on carbon black. However, the high price of Pt, corrosion of carbon support and Pt degradation are the main problems.In this thesis, carbon nanomaterials, namely few-walled carbon nanotubes (FWCNTs) and graphitized nanofibers (GNFs) were used as catalyst supports in the search for stable and durable catalysts. PtRu nanocatalysts with similar particle size and composition were synthesized and deposited on FWCNTs and GNFs. The electrochemical activities for methanol oxidation were compared with that of PtRu-carbon black in acidic conditions. The half-cell electrochemical measurements revealed higher activity with PtRu-GNFs and PtRu-FWCNTs. Later, the electrocatalysts were tested in macro-and micro-DMFC. The results revealed the significant influence of the catalyst support, inomer contect, electrode structure, preparation method, as well as the fuel cell architecture on the performance of a specific electrode material. The results also highlighted the necessity of electrode composition optimization when applying new materials at the electrodes, in order to achieve the best activity and durability for a certain electrocatalyst.A special effort was also done to achieve Pt-free electrocatalysts with high activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) by introducing nitrogen heteroatoms in carbon nanomaterials, namely FWCNTs and graphite nanoplatelets (GNPs). N-FWCNTs exhibited remarkable electrocatalytic activity for ORR in alkaline media, despite their very low nitrogen content (~0.5 at.%). N-FWCNTs performed on par or better than a commercial Pt-C at the cathode of an alkaline DMFC. The N-GNPs exhibited enhanced electrocatalytic activity for ORR compared to pristine GNPs in alkaline media. The results indicated that N-doped carbon nanomaterials could be promising alternatives to their Pt counterparts to reduce fuel cell costs. However, further investigations are necessary to ascertain the real active sites in order to design more efficient and durable ORR electrocatalysts.Keywords Carbon nanomaterials, PtRu catalysts, nitrogen-doping, direct methanol fuel cell ISBN (printed) 978-952-60-6140-5 ISBN (pdf) 978-952-60-6141-2

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“…Em solução ácida só platina e ligas de platina apresentam atividade sensível à oxidação do metanol e estabilidade em condições operacionais. Esta é a razão pelo qual grande parte dos estudos esteja concentrada nesses materiais (Tiwari et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Síntese De Catalisadores De Platina E Irídio Para O Uso Em Células a Combustível

Neto¹,

Almeida²,

Salazar‐Banda³

et al. 2015

Anais Do XX Congresso Brasileiro De Engenharia Química

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RESUMO -As células a combustível são dispositivos eletroquímicos considerados promissores na produção de energia limpa e eficiente. Os catalisadores Pt e Pt-Ir são resistentes à corrosão, apresentam alta estabilidade química e estrutural em meio ácido, além de serem cataliticamente ativos para a oxidação de alcoóis. Neste trabalho teve-se o intuito de sintetizar nanofios de Pt/C e Pt-Ir/C via redução química para a eletrooxidação de metanol. INTRODUÇÃOAs células a combustível, definidas como sistemas de conversão de energia eletroquímica, têm se mostrado uma alternativa interessante e muito promissora no que diz respeito à solução dos problemas relacionados com a produção de energia limpa com alta eficiência, apresentando enormes perspectivas de crescimento no futuro. Em um futuro próximo essa nova tecnologia poderá ganhar espaço para o uso em veículos e estações geradoras de energia em residências, e em pequenos hospitais e indústrias.O desenvolvimento de células procura a não dependência de gases puros para o combustível, mas sim de, por exemplo, gás natural ou mesmo vapor de metanol (Wendt e Götz, 2000). O metanol é a opção mais atrativa para ser utilizado nas células a combustível, visto que ele pode ser produzido a partir de gás natural ou de recursos renováveis e por isso é amplamente Área temática: Engenharia de Materiais e Nanotecnologia 1

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Recent progress in the development of anode and cathode catalysts for direct methanol fuel cells

Cited by 421 publications

References 183 publications

One-step synthesis of AuPd alloy nanoparticles on graphene as a stable catalyst for ethanol electro-oxidation

One-step synthesis of AuPd alloy nanoparticles on graphene as a stable catalyst for ethanol electro-oxidation

Nitrogen-doped graphene with enhanced oxygen reduction activity produced by pyrolysis of graphene functionalized with imidazole derivatives

Síntese De Catalisadores De Platina E Irídio Para O Uso Em Células a Combustível

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