Recent progress in porphyrin-based materials for organic solar cells

Mahmood, Asif; Hu, Jian‐Yong; Xiao, Bo; Tang, Ailing; Wang, Xiaochen; Zhou, Erjun

doi:10.1039/c8ta06392c

Cited by 242 publications

(130 citation statements)

References 155 publications

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“…Porphyrin, a widely used molecule has recently captured our interest due to its excellence in photoelectric conversion . From the porphyrin ring, a large number of modified derivatives are available, whose absorption spectrum covers the entire natural spectrum.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Full‐Spectrum Metal‐Free Porphyrin Supramolecular Photocatalyst for Dual Functions of Highly Efficient Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution

et al. 2018

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A full‐spectrum (300–700 nm) responsive porphyrin supramolecular photocatalyst with a theoretical solar spectrum efficiency of 44.4% is successfully constructed. For the first time, hydrogen and oxygen evolution (40.8 and 36.1 µmol g−1 h−1) is demonstrated by a porphyrin photocatalyst without the addition of any cocatalysts. The strong oxidizing performance also presents an efficient photodegradation activity that is more than ten times higher than that of g‐C3N4 for the photodegradation of phenol. The high photocatalytic reduction and oxidation activity arises from a strong built‐in electric field due to molecular dipoles of electron‐trapping groups and the nanocrystalline structure of the supramolecular photocatalyst. The appropriate band structure of the supramolecular photocatalyst adjusted via the highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy levels of the porphyrin gives rise to thermodynamic driving potential for H2 and O2 evolution under visible light irradiation. Controlling the energy band structure of photocatalysts via the ordered assembly of structure‐designed organic molecules could provide a novel approach for the design of organic photocatalysts in energy and environmental applications.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Full‐Spectrum Metal‐Free Porphyrin Supramolecular Photocatalyst for Dual Functions of Highly Efficient Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution

et al. 2018

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“…A wider pool of experimental papers based on tailoring of energy levels to improve the performance of OSCs. [14][15][16][17][18][19] It is considered most old-fangled and successful strategy. Electron-withdrawing and electron-donating groups insert different impact on energy levels.…”

Section: Electronic Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of electron‐withdrawing and electron‐donating substituents on the electrochemical and charge transport properties of indacenodithiophene‐based small molecule acceptors for organic solar cells

Tahir

Mubashir

Shah

et al. 2018

J of Physical Organic Chem

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Quantum mechanism calculations were performed to study the relationship between strength of electron-donating, electron-withdrawing groups and electronic, photochemical, charge transport properties. Electron-donating groups blueshifted the ultraviolet (UV)/visible spectra, while electron-withdrawing groups redshifted the UV/visible spectra. Inverse relationship observes between Hammett parameter and reorganization energy. Small molecules acceptors with electron-withdrawing substituents showed higher electron mobility. This study can pave way for experimental chemists to synthesize efficient small molecule acceptors.

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“…This nanoscale-and molecular-level insight into the presence of disordered and ordered phases and vibrational excitons confined to few-nanometer domains can provide critical understanding for the design of functional materials. Both crystalline and amorphous phases may occur in devices made with porphyrins or other molecular materials, and tradeoffs exist between benefits of crystalline phases with typically higher charge carrier mobility and exciton diffusion length versus amorphous phases that may exhibit improved interfacial miscibility and improved charge separation (48)(49)(50)(51). The spatial organization of domains remains poorly understood across multiple length scales and is often only characterized by ensemble-averaged measurements due to the combined challenge of short length scales and low-energy scales of interaction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vibrational exciton nanoimaging of phases and domains in porphyrin nanocrystals

Muller

Gray

Zhou

et al. 2020

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Much of the electronic transport, photophysical, or biological functions of molecular materials emerge from intermolecular interactions and associated nanoscale structure and morphology. However, competing phases, defects, and disorder give rise to confinement and many-body localization of the associated wavefunction, disturbing the performance of the material. Here, we employ vibrational excitons as a sensitive local probe of intermolecular coupling in hyperspectral infrared scattering scanning near-field optical microscopy (IR s-SNOM) with complementary small-angle X-ray scattering to map multiscale structure from molecular coupling to long-range order. In the model organic electronic material octaethyl porphyrin ruthenium(II) carbonyl (RuOEP), we observe the evolution of competing ordered and disordered phases, in nucleation, growth, and ripening of porphyrin nanocrystals. From measurement of vibrational exciton delocalization, we identify coexistence of ordered and disordered phases in RuOEP that extend down to the molecular scale. Even when reaching a high degree of macroscopic crystallinity, identify significant local disorder with correlation lengths of only a few nanometers. This minimally invasive approach of vibrational exciton nanospectroscopy and -imaging is generally applicable to provide the molecular-level insight into photoresponse and energy transport in organic photovoltaics, electronics, or proteins. infrared spectroscopy | molecular vibrations | scattering-scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) | vibrational exciton | molecular energy transport

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Recent progress in porphyrin-based materials for organic solar cells

Abstract: This article is written to provide an up-to-date review of porphyrin-based materials used in organic solar cells (OSCs).

Cited by 242 publications

References 155 publications

A Full‐Spectrum Metal‐Free Porphyrin Supramolecular Photocatalyst for Dual Functions of Highly Efficient Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution

A Full‐Spectrum Metal‐Free Porphyrin Supramolecular Photocatalyst for Dual Functions of Highly Efficient Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution

Impact of electron‐withdrawing and electron‐donating substituents on the electrochemical and charge transport properties of indacenodithiophene‐based small molecule acceptors for organic solar cells

Vibrational exciton nanoimaging of phases and domains in porphyrin nanocrystals

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