Recent progress in non-noble metal-based electrocatalysts for urea-assisted electrochemical hydrogen production

Enhancing hydrogen generation through urea electro-oxidation on a bimetallic and dual-anionic NiFeSP/NF nanostructured electrode

“…S5, ESI †). 44 Also, for studying the hydrogen generation kinetics as well as suggesting the HER mechanism, the slopes of the samples were extracted from the LSV curves (Fig. 4b).…”

Dual cation-modified hierarchical nickel hydroxide nanosheet arrays as efficient and robust electrocatalysts for the urea oxidation reaction

“…4,5 In order to overcome this shortcoming, more easily oxidized molecules, such as urea molecules, are operated at a theoretical voltage of 0.37 V (vs. RHE) with the help of the anodic urea oxidation reaction (UOR), which has a lower overpotential than water oxidation and is highly attractive, opening up a new path for energy-efficient hydrogen production. 6,7 In addition, urea electrolysis based on the UOR is also one of the ways to purify urea-rich industrial and agricultural wastewater. It is worth noting that because the UOR involves a 6-electron transfer process (CO(NH 2 ) 2 + 6OH − → N 2 + 5H 2 O + CO 2 + 6e − ), its kinetics is also very slow.…”

Phosphide‐Based Electrocatalysts for Urea Electrolysis: Recent Trends and Progress

“…However, using non-renewable resources results in greenhouse gas emissions, leading to environmental pollution. [1] Hence, advanced techniques to produce clean energy are much needed to achieve sustainable development and solve pollution-related problems for environmental safeguards. Amongst the energy carriers, hydrogen (H 2 ) is considered efficient due to its higher energy density and non-pollution.…”

“…Human society‘s development demands fossil fuels, which are non‐renewable resources, and there is a prediction of energy requirements up to 24–26 terawatts by 2040. However, using non‐renewable resources results in greenhouse gas emissions, leading to environmental pollution [1] . Hence, advanced techniques to produce clean energy are much needed to achieve sustainable development and solve pollution‐related problems for environmental safeguards.…”